As the traditional methods of texture extraction can not be adapted to multispectral and hyperspectral data，this paper presents a coding method of multispectral and hyperspectral data based on spectral similarity. With the concept of mapping mode of multispectral and hyperspectral texture, the new algorithm of texture extraction performs coding by the spectral similarity measure so as to reflect the overall objective texture feature. The method extends the algorithm of extracting texture to multidimensional and hyperdimensional spectral image analysis, and gives multiscale texture combination algorithm. Studies show that the coding mapping method of extracting texture is valid and effective. This paper also demonstrates that the texture feature does greatly improve the accuracy and precision of the classification.