基于移动窗口分析法的矿区景观格局时空演变研究

doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2019.04.09

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摘要

以昆明市某露天矿区为例,在地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)技术支持下,结合移动窗口分析法,利用2007—2017年间3期遥感影像数据,探究采矿背景下的区域景观格局时空演变模式。在获取景观类型与确定合适窗口尺度的基础上,提取研究区景观破碎化与多样性指数空间分布图,将其与矿区中心两两连接建立的剖面线进行空间叠置分析。结果表明,在最适宜尺度950 m的窗口下,10 a间景观破碎化与多样性高值区由区域边缘向中心扩散; 矿区内部的斑块团聚效应与周边1~2 km处的景观异质性程度均逐年提高,而离矿区中心2.5 km以外的区域则基本不受采矿活动影响。研究结果直观显示出了采矿活动影响下矿区的景观格局时空演变规律,能够为后续生态监测与制定工作计划提供依据。

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	梅昭容
	李云驹
	康翔
	魏善宝
	潘剑君

关键词 ：采矿活动, 移动窗口分析法, GIS技术, 景观格局指数

Abstract：

This study is aimed to discuss the temporal and spatial evolution of landscape pattern under the impact of mining work. With the support of moving window analysis and geographic information system (GIS) technology, the authors extracted the spatial distribution map of landscape fragmentation and diversity index from three remote sensing image data in one open-air mining site in Kunming from 2007 to 2017. On the basis of obtaining landscape types and determining appropriate window scales, the spatial distribution maps of landscape fragmentation and diversity index were extracted, and then mining site cores were connected to build transects for spatial overlay analysis. The result shows that, under the most suitable window range of 950 m, the high value center of landscape fragmentation and diversity index spread from the regional edge to the center from 2007 to 2017. The effect of patch aggregation in open mining area was remarkable, and the fragmentation and diversity effect of surrounding area in nearly 1~2 km were obvious year by year. At the same time, the area beyond 2.5 km of the mining center was on the whole not affected by mining activities. The result visually shows the rule for the temporal and spatial evolution of landscape pattern affected by mining activities, and the result can provide data support for follow-up work.

Key words： mining activities moving window analysis GIS technology landscape pattern index

收稿日期: 2018-10-26 出版日期: 2019-12-03

:	TP79
	P901

基金资助:江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)和国家自然科学基金项目“基于根系和共生微生物特征探讨高磷环境中农林复合系统途径的生态修复”共同资助(41661144001)

通讯作者: 潘剑君

作者简介: 梅昭容(1994-),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为资源环境遥感。Email: maymzr@163.com

引用本文:

梅昭容, 李云驹, 康翔, 魏善宝, 潘剑君. 基于移动窗口分析法的矿区景观格局时空演变研究[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2019, 31(4): 60-68.
Zhaorong MEI, Yunju LI, Xiang KANG, Shanbao WEI, Jianjun PAN. Temporal and spatial evolution in landscape pattern of mining site area based on moving window method. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2019, 31(4): 60-68.

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https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/gtzyyg.2019.04.09 或 https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2019/V31/I4/60

Fig.1 研究区2007年、2013年和2017年景观类型图、剖面线设置与样本点分布情况

Tab.1 分类精度评价

Tab.2 2007—2017年间各类景观面积及所占比例

Fig.2 不同尺度下的景观指数曲线

Fig.3 2007—2017年间研究区PD分布及变化

Fig.4 2007—2017年间研究区LPI分布及变化

Fig.5 2007—2017年内研究区景观多样性空间分布图

Fig.6 景观破碎化指数沿剖面线的变化趋势

Fig.7 SHDI沿剖面线的变化趋势

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