Remote sensing survey of land occupied and damaged by abandoned mines along the Yangtze River Economic Belt and research on ecological remediation countermeasures
Yaqiu YIN, Jinzhong YANG, Jie WANG, Na AN, Yun JIANG
China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
The Yangtze River Economic Belt is an important mineral resource base in China. Ecological and environmental problems caused by mineral resources exploitation are outstanding. In order to survey the situation of the land occupied and damaged by abandoned open-pit mines in this area and study the ecological remediation countermeasures, based on the domestic high spatial resolution remote sensing images acquired in 2016—2018 as the main data source, the authors used the techniques of remote sensing interpretation and information extraction to obtain the distribution information of the land occupied and damaged by abandoned open-pit mines in the range 50 km on the both sides of the main channel of the Yangtze River, which included Jinsha River in Sichuan and Yunnan Province and Yangtze River from Yibin to the estuary and the main tributaries which included Minjiang River, Tuojiang River, Chishui River, Jialing River, Wujiang River, Qingjiang River, Xiangjiang River, Hanjing River and Ganjiang River in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the geological hazard and environmental pollution information related to mining in the range of 10 km on the both sides of the river. The results show that in the range of 5 km, 10 km, 30 km, and 50 km from the main stream, the areas of the land occupied and damaged by abandoned open-air mines are 4 655.14 hm2, 8 787.57 hm2, 12 207.59 hm2, 21 040.85 hm2 and 30 034.47 hm2 respectively, and that for tributaries are 5 080.04 hm2, 8 644.25 hm2, 12 345.53 hm2, 21 290.29 hm2 and 33 491.49 hm2 respectively. Based on the results of remote sensing survey, the authors analyzed the environment of the abandoned open-air mines in the range of 10 km on the both sides of the Yangtze River main channel and main tributaries. The results show that the main problem in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is that geological disasters caused by open mining and environmental pollution caused by metal and chemical raw material mines in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are quite serious. Combined with the advanced technology of mine environmental restoration, the authors put forward the countermeasures of mine ecological environmental restoration. Methods of slope reduction, slope cutting and slope reinforcement can be adopted to eliminate the hidden danger of collapse. Different green technologies can be used to prevent soil erosion according to the slope size. Artificial barrier layer, artificial fertilizer and microbial methods can be used for soil improvement. Toxic heavy metals in soil can be degraded by tolerant plants and microorganisms. Constructed wetlands can be built for water ecological restoration. The survey results and suggestions presented in this paper would provide the scientific bases and important references for the local mining administration on the ecological environmental remediation of the abandoned open-pit mines.
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Yaqiu YIN, Jinzhong YANG, Jie WANG, Na AN, Yun JIANG. Remote sensing survey of land occupied and damaged by abandoned mines along the Yangtze River Economic Belt and research on ecological remediation countermeasures. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2020, 32(2): 170-176.
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2020, Vol. 32 
