Aquatic environmental monitoring of inland waters based on UAV hyperspectral remote sensing
ZANG Chuankai1(), SHEN Fang1,2(), YANG Zhengdong3
1. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China 2. Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC), Shanghai 200062, China 3. Hydrological Station of Shanghai Chongming District, Shanghai 200062, China
With the inland waters in Chongming Island, Shanghai as the study area, this study researched the color changes of waters and the identification of suspected polluted waters using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral remote sensing images. First, reflectance calibration was carried out for the radiance signals detected by the hyperspectral sensor carried by UAVs. Compared with on-site observations, this calibration method was more accurate, the average unbiased absolute percentage differences of various bands were 13.34% on average and the average determination coefficient R2 was 0.83. Afterward, the inversion of hue angle and apparent visible wavelength (AVW) was conducted using the hyperspectral reflectance of the inland waters according to the CIE-XYZ color space and weighted harmonic mean. Then an inversion model of water quality parameters was constructed based on measured data, and the water colors in the study area were classified by setting the threshold of hue angle. As indicated by the results, there exist many abnormal yellowish-brown inland waters in the Chongming Island in dry seasons and it is necessary to strengthen the supervision and governance of the aquatic environment of major shipping rivers. Finally, the suspected polluted inland waters were identified and analyzed by integrating the inversion results of the parameters of water color and water quality. This study shows that UAV hyperspectral remote sensing can be used to obtain the inversion results with high temporal-spatial continuity of the parameters of water color and water quality, which will provide credible technical support for the aquatic environment investigations of inland waters while saving costs.
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