Based on analyzing the present situation and developing trend of remote sensing, considering the demandof economic and social sustainable development for mineral resources, energy and geological information, and integrating and constructing three RS-based application technology systems and two information service systems under the guidance of geological theory, earth system theory and complexity sciences theory, the author suggests the strategic orientations of geological remote sensing technological development, which include the application technology system for geological exploration and mineral resources assessment, the technological and operational system for monitoring geological disasters and geological environment, the technological and operational system for monitoring mining activities and mine environment, the service system of satellite data acquirement and geological application, and the entirely digitized comprehensive aerial remote sensing system. The objective lies in promoting the transformation from qualitative to quantitative in geological analysis, from single to integrative in technique application, and from data-based to informational in service. The major research fields and their research situation, the existent problems and the key techniques are also discussed in this paper.