Water is a very important resource, and it is an important material basis for the survival and development of all human beings and organisms. Water extraction can result to easily understand the general situation of existing water resources, thus being conducive to the rational planning and management of water resources and having a significant impact on human life and social activities. Traditional artificial methods are time-consuming and laborious, and therefore satellite remote sensing data is now used to extract water parameters such as water position, area, shape and river width, which has become an effective method and means to obtain water parameters quickly. On the basis of extensive literature research, this paper illustrates the basic ideas of water extraction of remote sensing image and its development course as well as the basic method and current situation of water extraction performed by experts, and makes a comprehensive review and analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various methods so as to explain the problems of water extraction and research prospect, make the readers understand the situation of this field and provide some ideas for the study in this field.
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