Atmospheric correction is an important part of remote sensing image processing. It is of theoretical significance to explore the characteristics of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and its terrain gradient before and after atmospheric correction. This paper draws the following conclusions: ① The NDVI obtained without atmospheric correction is generally underestimated in space. ② The NDVI obtained without atmospheric correction cannot reflect the trend and proportional relationship of each stage. The NDVI without atmospheric correction has serious deviation, and the NDVI is more than 0.6. The absolute error is over 20%. ③ Whether the atmospheric correction is made or not affects the NDVI change trend and the numerical value of each altitude; the absolute error increases below 1 000 m, and the absolute error fluctuation decreases thereafter. ④ Whether the atmospheric correction is made or not has an effect on the slope NDVI trend and value; as the slope increases, the absolute error first rises and then falls, and the slope (45°, 50° ) absolute error is the largest. ⑤ Whether the atmospheric correction is made or not has an effect on the NDVI trend of each slope; the absolute error of west slope is the largest, and the east slope is the smallest.
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