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  • Table of Content
       , Volume 17 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    Review
    THE ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF ATMOSPHERIC
    CORRECTION FOR OPTICAL REMOTE SENSING
    QI Xue-Yong, TIAN Qing-Jiu
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 1-6.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.01
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (385KB) ( 2989 )

     It is indicated that atmospheric correction for optical remote sensing is absolutely necessary for quantitative remote sensing. The atmospheric correction methods can be grouped into four types, namely, relative correction based on image information, linear regression based on ground spectra, radiative transfer models and composite models. Their advantages and disadvantages as well as their adaptability or effective factors are analyzed in this paper. Some thoughts on the future development of atmospheric correction for optical remote sensing are also put forward in the end of this paper.

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    Technology and Methodology
    THE ALGORITHM FOR PARAMETERS
    OF RPC MODEL WITHOUT INITIAL VALUE
    QIN Xu-Wen, TIAN Shu-Fang, HONG You-Tang, ZHANG Guo
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 7-10.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.02
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (295KB) ( 1139 )

    The RPC model has recently aroused considerable interest in the community of photogrammetry and remote sensing. The RPC is a generalized sensor model capable of achieving high approximation accuracy. Unfortunately, the computation of the parameters of RPC model is subject to the initial value of the parameter in all the literature available. In this paper, an algorithm for parameters of RPC model without initial value is presented. The algorithm was tested on SPOT-5 image. Based on numerous tests, some conclusions can be drawn. The RPC model can achieve an approximation accuracy that is extremely high for SPOT-5 pushbroom data. The results prove that the RPC model can be used as a replacement sensor model for photogrammetric restitution. When we deal with SPOT-5 data sets, the high order RPC model may be necessary in that the RPC model very much resembles the rigorous sensor model. The RPC model cases with unequal denominator can on the whole achieve better accuracy than the cases with equal denominator at check points. The RPC model cases with denominator perform better. In the establishment of the 3-D object grid for the RPC model solutions, at least two or more elevation layers are needed. For SPOT-5 imagery, when the image grid contains 21×21 point and the number of elevation layers is three, the precision and the efficiency is in balance.

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    THE APPLICATION OF SPATIAL-TEMPORAL INTERPOLATION
    AND DATA  NORMALIZATION METHODS TO DETECTING THE
    PRE-EARTHQUAKE  ABNORMAL TEMPERATURE
    INCREASING PHENOMENON
    WANG Chun-Ying, ZHU Zi-Hao, LIU Ying-Yu
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 11-15.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.03
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (610KB) ( 1059 )

    The application of satellite-sensed thermal infrared imagery to the detection of changes in temperature before outbreaks of earthquake is faced with two problems: the interference with image by clouds and the scientific record of temperature-increase phenomena. This study has solved the problems through using spatial-temporal interpolation to make inference for zones with information on abnormal temperature increases negatively affected by clouds as well as mosaic of temperature-increase images sensed at different time points so as to recover images free of clouds. In addition to the methods for eliminating the interference by clouds, this study specifies normalized standard values and threshold numbers so as to use computerized semi-automatic detection to identify zones with relatively high temperatures, a scientific approach to facilitating automatic coloring of such zones and mosaic of images. The methods for processing images, deleting negative influence of clouds and scientifically detecting pre-earthquake abnormal increases in temperature as described in this paper are intended to serve as reference for other researchers to improve precision in subsequent studies.

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    THE DETECTION OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGE BASED ON MATLAB
    ZHANG Meng-Jun, LI Chen-Zhao, SHU Hong, YANG Zhi-Min
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 16-19.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.04
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (669KB) ( 2513 )

    Geometrical registration and threshold selection in remotely sensed image variation detection have been discussed in this paper. The detection of remotely sensed image variation was performed technically by using MATLAB. It is noticed that the general mathematical computing software MATLAB has been extended to a new application area, and a technical means for rapid development of remotely sensed image processing software has been explored.

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    A BAYESIAN APPROACH TO TROUS WAVELET-BASED
    SPECKLE FILTERING OF SAR IMAGES
    CHEN Liang, QIN Qian-Qing
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 20-23.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.05
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (509KB) ( 967 )

     Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image is likely to be disturbed by a speckle noise due to the radarwave coherence. According to the particularity of speckle noise in SAR image, logarithmically transformation was first applied, and àtrous algorithm was used to decompose the image. Then the manipulation of the wavelet coefficients was performed based on Bayesian estimator. The result is compared with adaptive filtering algorithm based on local statistics and filtering algorithm based on Mallat decomposition. It is shown that the approach has the advantage both in speckle suppression and in preservation of edge information.

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    A MODEL FOR AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION OF WATER
    INFORMATION FORM THE CITY ZONE BASED ON SPOT-5 IMAGE
    CAO Kai, JIANG Nan, LI Xin-Guo, LV Heng
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 24-27.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.06
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (710KB) ( 1653 )

    With the main city zone as the research area, the authors studied the method for extracting water information in SPOT-5 image. The water and shadow information was obtained from the image by setting the division line in band SWIR. By using spectral, spatial and temporal characteristics, such as the index of shape, the decision tree model for automatic extraction of water information in city zones from SPOT-5 image can be set up , so as to get the water information from the area. For estimating the precision of the model, a comparison was made between the model and the supervised classification method in the whole area and in a special zone with much building shadow.  The results show that in the whole area the precision of the model is about 2.5% higher than that of the supervised classification method, and in the special zone the precision improvement reaches 11.6%. Besides, the model has good transplanting function, with only slight differences in the division line in different cases.

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    MINERAL AUTO-IDENTIFICATION BASED ON
    HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING DATA AND ITS APPLICATION
    ZHOU Qiang, GAN Fu-Ping, WANG Run-Sheng, CHEN Jian-Ping
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 28-31.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.07
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (2063KB) ( 1273 )

    Spectral knowledge acquired through the understanding of mineral spectral features was used to perform automatic extraction of mineral type information based on mathematical, logic and some other decision rules in the hyperspectral imaging field. In this paper, a mineral auto-identification module for hyperspectral imaging data (MAIM-HID) has been designed by IDL language on ENVI software. It has intelligence and batch processing capacity so that it can identify and extract as many as over 10 types of minerals or mineral groups directly. This module is applicable to aero Hymap and AVIRIS data as well as satellite Hyperion data. It already identified and discriminated some minerals in East Tianshan Mountain of Xinjiang and Qulong area of Tibet in China and Cuprite in U.S.A.

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    THE TEXTURE CODING METHOD OF MULTISPECTRAL
    DATA BASED ON SPECTRAL SIMILARITY
    CHEN Ying, SHU Ning
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 32-37.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.08
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1316KB) ( 1214 )

     As the traditional methods of texture extraction can not be adapted to multispectral and hyperspectral data,this paper presents a coding method of multispectral and hyperspectral data based on spectral similarity. With the concept of mapping mode of multispectral and hyperspectral texture, the new algorithm of texture extraction performs coding by the spectral similarity measure so as to reflect the overall objective texture feature. The method extends the algorithm of extracting texture to multidimensional and hyperdimensional spectral image analysis, and gives multiscale texture combination algorithm. Studies show that the coding mapping method of extracting texture is valid and effective. This paper also demonstrates that the texture feature does greatly improve the accuracy and precision of the classification.

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    THE EXTRACTING OF FIRE SCARS FROM TM IMAGE
    GAO Zhong-Ling, WANG Xiao-Qin, ZHOU Xiao-Cheng
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 38-41.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.09
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (0KB) ( 704 )

    Based on an analysis of the spectral characteristics of the fire burned areas in ETM image, the authors have studied the methods for rapid extraction of the burned areas. In this paper, four methods were set up. They are the supervised classification method, the supervised classification method with the participation of NDVI, the supervised classification method of the combination image of the NDVI difference between two-period image and the first two principal components (NDVI difference method for short), and the method based on relations of the spectral characteristics (spectral relationship method). The results of the extraction are evaluated in this paper.

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    Technology Application
    AN APPLICATION COMPARISON BETWEEN IRS-P6 AND
    SPOT-5 TO LANDUSE DYNAMIC MONITORING
    WU Hai-Ping, LIU Shun-Xi, SHI Liang-Shu
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 42-45.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.10
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (326KB) ( 1229 )

    The resolution of the IRS-P6 PAN image is 5.8m. It can therefore be used in landuse dynamic monitoring. This paper has compared the test results between IRS-P6 image and SPOT-5 image based on comparing and analyzing such factors as the scale of cartography, the polygon area of response, the degree of recognizing land type and the precision of detecting information. It is shown that IRS-P6 can be used to compile a 1︰25 000 or 1︰50 000 map and update or assist in updating the 1︰25 000 or 1︰50 000 land use actuality map. In the landuse dynamic monitoring project, IRS-P6 image as another data source with SPOT image can help speed up land management.

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    THE APPLICATION OF ARCINFO 8 TO FARMLAND GRADING:
    A CASE STUDY OF JIANGDU CITY
    PENG Jian-Chao, WU Qun, GUO Guan-Cheng
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 46-50.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.11
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (618KB) ( 1017 )

     At present, data processing and map compilation, which constitute the key techniques in farmland grading projects, are basically completed by professional software. In this paper, the authors studied the means for performing the main work in farmland grading project under the ArcInfo 8 system.  By virtue of the function of ArcInfo 8 in analyzing spatial data and attribute data, especially the VBA developing environment integrated in its ArcMap module, some important tasks can be well accomplished. They include division of grading-cells, computation of the influencing result value of grading factors or sub-factors, compilation of the influencing result map of grading factors or sub-factors, and calculation of the grading indices. The case of farmland grading in Jiangdu city is adopted to support the viewpoint of this paper.

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    ALTERATION MINERAL MAPPING AND MULTI-INFORMATION
    ORE PROSPECTING IN EASTERN JUNGGAR, XINJIANG
    ZHOU Jun, CHEN Ming-Yong, GAO Peng, LIU Lei, LI De-Cheng, TIAN Qin-Hu
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 51-55.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.12
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (562KB) ( 1236 )

     Based on lots of image processing tests and field inspection, the authors employed Crosta technique and the Principal Component Analysis using TM1~7 (without TM6) to perform alteration mineral mapping in eastern Junggar, Xinjiang. Relevant images, e.g., hydroxyl layer from TM1, 4, 5 and 7 or iron oxide layer from TM1, 3, 4 and 5, were classified by four thresholds, i.e., <μ+1.64σ, μ+1.64σ~μ+2σ, μ+2σ~μ+3σ and >μ+3σ. The last three groups, treated as remote sensing anomalies and assigned to different colors, were used to overlie the false color composites that were combined with geochemical surveying data (at the scale of 1︰200,000 or 50,000) in grid form through data fusion. The ore prospecting work in eastern Junggar was shed light on by synthetic analyses based on the multi-information images and field work. The ore exploration targets delineated by this study include Xiaosaerbulake and Kekeyuyi in Qinghe County, Beitashan pasture and Wulunbulage in Qitai County, and Dahongshan and Caohugou in Balikun County.

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    AN ANALYSIS OF THE WATERSHED TERRAIN FEATURES
    DERIVED FROM DEMS WITH DIFFERENT PRECISION
    AND A STUDY OF THE SLOPE ERROR CONTROL
    QIN Fu-Lai, WANG Xiao-Yan, DOU Pei-Qian, WANG Li-Hua
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 56-59.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.13
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (511KB) ( 1357 )

    In this paper, the authors have analyzed the effects of different precisions on the watershed terrain features derived from DEMs and quantitatively studied the error of slope. As an example of Mangniuhe watershed in Miyun reservoir, this paper analyzed the terrain features derived from DEMs with different precisions, and made error control on the value of slope derived from different precisions of DEM. The curve estimation regression method was used to formulate the equations of slope losses and fitting. Tests show that this method can better control the error, thus deserving wide application.

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    REMOTE SENSING STUDIES OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS
    IN WATER AREA SURROUNDING XIAMEN ISLAND
    LI Sheng, XU Han-Qiu, WANG Lin
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 60-64.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.14
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1160KB) ( 1163 )

    Using multi-time-phase Landsat TM/ETM+ images, the authors have evaluated the concentration situation of suspended sediments in the water area surrounding Xiamen island. With such means as density-slice, post-grade comparison and image difference, the images after geometric correction and atmospheric radiation correction can audio-visually and quantitatively reflect the temporal and spatial variations in the concentration of suspended sediments in different years.

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    A STUDY OF URBAN SPATIAL STRUCTURAL DYNAMIC CHANGES OF YIWU CITY
    IN ZHEJIANG PROVINCE BASED ON REMOTE SENSING MONITORING
    LV Ning, GAO Yang, DENG Yu-Jiao, XUE Chong-Sheng
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 65-68.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.15
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1201KB) ( 1235 )

    With the data of multi-time-phase Landsat TM and geographic map as the main resources, this paper deals with the dynamic change of urban spatial structure in Yiwu city, Zhejiang province. It is indicated that the urban spatial structural dynamic changes from 1970 to 2002 lay in such driving factors as environment, traffic and economy. Aimed at making rational urban planning and realizing sustainable development of the social economy and ecological environment in the city, this scientific research will surely provide the basis for decision-making of the government.

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    A PROGRADING RATE ANALYSIS OF MUD FLAT SEA COAST BASED ON REMOTE SENSING:
    A CASE STUDY OF SONGZHUANG SEA COAST IN GANYU COUNTY, JIANGSU PROVINCE
    ZHANG Xiang-Guo, ZHANG Ren-Shun, WANG Yan-Hong, CHEN Hong-Quan, GU Yong
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 69-73.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.16
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1305KB) ( 1522 )

     In this paper, a method called “superposition analysis” is applied to the study area, based on 8 MSS, TM satellite images from 1978~2004. Making use of a series of images, the authors studied the dynamic changes of mud flat and at the same time avoided the difficulty of tidal level rectification. Three approaches were employed to study the prograding dynamic changes of Songzhuang sea coast in Ganyu, namely, the alteration of seawall lines (mostly resulting from voluntary reclamation) built in past years, the expanding process of Spartina alterniflora and salt swamps, and the prograding rate of Linhong estuary. It is shown that this method can avoid the difficulty of tidal level rectification in different periods and reveal the dynamic change and prograding rate.

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    A STUDY OF CHANGSHA—ZHUZHOU—XIANGTAN URBAN
    EXTENSION BASED ON REMOTE SENSING
    PENG Shun-Xi, LIN Jian, BAO Guang-Shu, CHEN Bao-Shu
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 74-77.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.17
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (418KB) ( 1317 )

     Based on setting up image interpretation criteria through field investigation and compiling urban change map by means of multi-temporal sequence remote sensing image, this paper has studied urban characteristics, expansion model, growth orientation and growth velocity of Changsha city, Zhuzhou city and Xiangtan city (Chang-Zhu-Tan) in the period of 1966~1999, and forecasted the development of urban areas in the period of 2000~2010. According to the research result, Chang-Zhu-Tan have the same expansion model, the growth orientation of the three cities doesn’t make for their integration in geography, their expansion velocity is increasing in exponential form, the development of Changsha will be the fastest among these cities during this period, and Chang-Zhu-Tan will maintain high speed expansion and tend to become integrated..

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    THE APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUE
    TO THE INVESTIGATION OF ISLAND AREAS IN GUANGXI
    CHEN Ling-Yun, HU Zi-Ning, LI Guang-Zhao, ZHONG Shi-Quan, SHI Jian-Long
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 78-81.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.18
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1591KB) ( 1172 )

    Utilizing the TM data of satellite obtained in 2003, this paper has analyzed the basic features of four representative island areas in Guangxi, discussed the resources and their exploitation in these island areas, and probed into the reasons of island evolution.

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    GIS
    A SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DATA MODEL FOR THE PLACE NAME
    ZHANG Bao-Gang, WANG Run-Sheng, GAO Li
    REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES. 2005, 17 (4): 82-85.   DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2005.04.19
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (408KB) ( 1351 )

     Place name, place name database and spatial-temporal data model are described in this paper. A place

    name spatial-temporal data model is presented for expression of spatial-temporal semantics. The application of the

    model can realize editing, updating and spatial-temporal querying of the place name database. Current researches on

    the spatial-temporal data model are mainly focused on polygonal parcels features. The spatial-temporal data model of

    point features is dealt with in this paper, and the result enriches the theory of the spatial-temporal data modeI.

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