Stream sediment survey has been relatively rarely employed in Madagascar. Based on stream sediment oreprospecting work in Ambatongdelazhaka area of Madagascar, the authors probed into the application effect of this method in such geochemical landscape areas. With the stream sediment survey, 147 composite anomaly areas were delineated in Ambatongdelazhaka area, and the delineation proves to be accurate and effective. Titaniumiron, nickel, gold and some other mineral resources were detected through 1∶10 000 field geological mapping and field work, which indicates that the stream sediment survey means is suitable for the geochemical landscape conditions of Central Highlands of Madagascar. The stream sediment survey method can also be  extensively used in the same sort of areas in Madagascar.