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| Reference area division for background point arrangement in soil environmental monitoring in Henan Province |
| XIE Qing-Feng1,2,3, ZHOU Xiao-Guo1,3, WANG Zhen-Feng4, MA Zhen-Bo1,3, LI Sheng-Chang1,2,3, ZHANG De-En1,3, SI Fa-Zhen1,3 |
1. Henan Institute of Geological Survey,Zhengzhou 450001, China
2. Henan Institute of Geological Sciences,Zhengzhou 450001, China
3. Henan Geochemical Ecological Restoration Engineering Research Center,Zhengzhou 450001, China
4. Henan Province Rock and Mineral Testing Center,Zhengzhou 450001, China |
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Abstract This study aims to determine the reference areas for the arrangement of background points in soil environment monitoring in Henan Province. Firstly,based on the data of 1∶200,000 regional geochemical stream sediment surveys and 1∶250,000 land quality geochemical surveys of Henan Province as well as the map of soil parent materials of Henan Province, outliers were eliminated using iteration and a statistical method according to the definition of geochemical background. Then the background interval values of five heavy metals (i.e.,Cd, As, Pb, Hg, and Cr) in parent materials of different types were calculated according to the ±2 deviationof the mean. Finally, data points were extracted according to the background interval values of each element and then the grid of the data points was extracted using the software ArcGIS. In this way, the reference areasfor the background points layout in Henan Province were formed. This study will provide technical bases for the optimization of background points in the soil environment monitoring in Henan Province.
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Received: 12 March 2021
Published: 15 December 2021
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Corresponding Authors:
ZHOU Xiao-Guo
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Work degree map of 1∶200 000 stream sediment survey in Henan Province
1—regional geochemical survey in Shangnan and Luonan area; 2—regional geochemical survey in Luanchuan area; 3—regional geochemical survey in Lushan area; 4—regional geochemical survey in Luoning area; 5—regional geochemical survey in Neixiang-Nanyang area;6—regional geochemical survey in Pingdingshan and Xuchang area; 7—regional geochemical survey in Sanmenxia, Luoyang, Zhengzhou area; 8—regional geochemical survey in Xinxian area; 9—regional geochemical survey in Linru area; 10—regional geochemical survey in Biyang area;11—regional geochemical survey in Tongbai and Xinyang area; 12—regional geochemical survey in Gushi and Shangcheng area; 13—regional geochemical survey in Changzhi, Handan, Lingchuan, Hebi (partial) area
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Work degree map of 1∶250 000 land quality geochemistry in Henan Province
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Soil forming parent material map in Henan Province
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| 成土母质 | 元素 | 平均值 | 中位数 | 标准差 | 样品数 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 变异系数/% | | 残积和坡积物 | Cd | 0.139 | 0.110 | 0.210 | 11204 | 14.550 | 0.010 | 153.1 | | As | 8.50 | 7.50 | 7.85 | 11201 | 577.70 | 0.13 | 92.5 | | Pb | 36.40 | 25.40 | 205.48 | 11198 | 14300.00 | 0.70 | 564.5 | | Hg | 38.40 | 29.00 | 73.77 | 11199 | 4260.00 | 1.00 | 192.2 | | Cr | 71.30 | 67.00 | 38.99 | 11198 | 1380.00 | 5.00 | 54.7 | | 河湖相沉积物 | Cd | 0.078 | 0.070 | 0.030 | 137 | 0.180 | 0.020 | 39.6 | | As | 8.00 | 8.30 | 2.38 | 137 | 15.80 | 1.70 | 29.5 | | Pb | 22.20 | 21.80 | 3.60 | 137 | 33.80 | 14.10 | 16.2 | | Hg | 33.20 | 30.00 | 15.66 | 137 | 120.00 | 10.00 | 47.2 | | Cr | 66.40 | 66.30 | 7.14 | 137 | 108.40 | 49.20 | 10.8 | | 河流冲积物 | Cd | 0.100 | 0.080 | 0.090 | 1235 | 1.500 | 0.010 | 89.5 | | As | 9.50 | 9.20 | 4.53 | 1233 | 73.80 | 0.30 | 47.7 | | Pb | 27.90 | 25.265 | 17.63 | 1234 | 424.00 | 3.40 | 63.2 | | Hg | 65.70 | 35.00 | 288.70 | 1234 | 4000.00 | 5.00 | 439.7 | | Cr | 69.10 | 64.65 | 26.04 | 1237 | 285.00 | 6.00 | 37.7 | | 洪积物 | Cd | 0.094 | 0.090 | 0.060 | 1409 | 1.120 | 0.010 | 65.6 | | As | 11.60 | 11.20 | 19.39 | 1408 | 730.00 | 2.60 | 167.7 | | Pb | 22.00 | 20.90 | 8.460 | 1410 | 217.00 | 3.00 | 38.5 | | Hg | 36.50 | 30.00 | 93.33 | 1410 | 3020.00 | 5.00 | 255.5 | | Cr | 67.90 | 66.10 | 20.88 | 1410 | 459.60 | 18.60 | 30.8 | | 黄土与红土 | Cd | 0.092 | 0.080 | 0.210 | 2968 | 11.000 | 0.010 | 231.2 | | As | 10.30 | 10.40 | 4.26 | 2964 | 135.00 | 0.56 | 41.2 | | Pb | 22.10 | 20.30 | 15.09 | 2968 | 676.00 | 4.20 | 68.1 | | Hg | 28.30 | 20.00 | 34.92 | 2969 | 680.00 | 4.00 | 123.2 | | Cr | 70.20 | 68.00 | 19.01 | 2967 | 532.00 | 12.50 | 27.1 |
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Characteristics of stream sediment survey data in different soil forming parent material
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| 成土母质 | 元素 | 平均值 | 中位数 | 标准差 | 样品数 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 变异系数/% | | 残积和坡积物 | Cd | 0.184 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 1381 | 3.276 | 0.053 | 66.2 | | As | 11.3 | 11.26 | 3.31 | 1381 | 41.96 | 2.03 | 29.3 | | Pb | 29.4 | 25.7 | 32.62 | 1381 | 847.4 | 5.2 | 111.0 | | Hg | 58.9 | 42.5 | 173.25 | 1381 | 5683.3 | 16.5 | 293.9 | | Cr | 72.6 | 71.8 | 22.19 | 1381 | 638 | 7 | 30.6 | | 河湖相沉积物 | Cd | 0.151 | 0.144 | 0.04 | 3476 | 0.57 | 0.056 | 25.9 | | As | 10.1 | 9.13 | 3.42 | 3476 | 29.7 | 2.21 | 33.9 | | Pb | 27.5 | 26.6 | 4.81 | 3476 | 90.8 | 18.3 | 17.5 | | Hg | 49.1 | 43.1 | 37.98 | 3476 | 1015 | 15.4 | 77.4 | | Cr | 71.6 | 71 | 8.10 | 3476 | 102 | 44 | 11.3 | | 河流冲积物 | Cd | 0.2 | 0.152 | 0.23 | 14846 | 16.2 | 0.034 | 139.3 | | As | 10.5 | 10.28 | 2.80 | 14846 | 92.5 | 1.58 | 26.7 | | Pb | 24.3 | 23.2 | 7.60 | 14846 | 428 | 12.4 | 31.2 | | Hg | 52.1 | 41.6 | 122.84 | 14846 | 13005.9 | 10.2 | 236.0 | | Cr | 68.9 | 68.7 | 8.81 | 14846 | 237.7 | 6.8 | 12.8 | | 洪积物 | Cd | 0.191 | 0.145 | 0.31 | 3479 | 8.907 | 0.064 | 163.4 | | As | 10.0 | 9.74 | 3.16 | 3479 | 77.2 | 0.24 | 31.6 | | Pb | 28.0 | 25.5 | 17.97 | 3479 | 575.4 | 14.4 | 64.2 | | Hg | 63.6 | 45.13 | 107.68 | 3479 | 4407.2 | 14.7 | 169.3 | | Cr | 68.8 | 68.6 | 9.87 | 3479 | 291 | 14.6 | 14.3 | | 黄土与红土 | Cd | 0.152 | 0.14 | 0.07 | 4545 | 1.938 | 0.07 | 46.0 | | As | 10.3 | 10.41 | 2.72 | 4545 | 37.5 | 2.24 | 26.5 | | Pb | 27.3 | 25.1 | 27.69 | 4545 | 1423.3 | 16.4 | 101.6 | | Hg | 66.2 | 41.5 | 218.22 | 4545 | 8838.7 | 10 | 329.7 | | Cr | 70.0 | 69.4 | 8.63 | 4545 | 228 | 39.9 | 12.3 | | 风积物 | Cd | 0.136 | 0.131 | 0.04 | 1439 | 0.52 | 0.059 | 28.9 | | As | 7.9 | 7.98 | 2.37 | 1439 | 16.06 | 3.39 | 30.0 | | Pb | 20.1 | 19.7 | 2.39 | 1439 | 44.7 | 15.5 | 11.9 | | Hg | 32.2 | 27.9 | 17.33 | 1439 | 239.5 | 10.2 | 53.8 | | Cr | 62.0 | 62.3 | 10.81 | 1439 | 121.1 | 20.9 | 17.4 |
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Characteristics of land quality geochemistry data in different soil forming parent material
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| 测量方法 | 成土母质 | Cd | As | Pb | Hg | Cr | | 水系沉积物测量 | 残积和坡积物 | 0.044~0.151 | 1.22~12.41 | 14.6~33.1 | 2.6~41.4 | 43.7~88.1 | | 河湖相沉积物 | 0.033~0.107 | 6.28~10.72 | 17.6~25.3 | 15.3~43.4 | 59.7~73.1 | | 河流冲积物 | 0.037~0.124 | 3.85~13.73 | 14.4~34.1 | 0.2~62.1 | 46~80 | | 洪积物 | 0.05~0.124 | 6.39~15.9 | 15.5~25 | 3.6~42 | 54.6~78.6 | | 黄土与红土 | 0.03~0.121 | 6.85~14.11 | 14~25.1 | 3~33.2 | 56.6~77.1 | | 土地质量地球化学调查 | 残积和坡积物 | 0.107~0.201 | 7.54~14.87 | 20.6~29.8 | 20.7~57.5 | 60~83.2 | | 河湖相沉积物 | 0.099~0.181 | 6.46~9.91 | 21.9~30.5 | 22.5~57.7 | 59.5~82.5 | | 河流冲积物 | 0.105~0.192 | 7.49~12.82 | 17.5~27.4 | 20.8~54.1 | 57.9~79.4 | | 洪积物 | 0.096~0.174 | 5.16~13.81 | 21.1~28.6 | 22.4~54.4 | 57.9~79.5 | | 黄土与红土 | 0.087~0.181 | 5.53~14.81 | 21.2~28.3 | 21.2~51.9 | 59.5~78.3 | | 风积物 | 0.107~0.201 | 7.54~14.87 | 20.6~29.8 | 20.7~57.5 | 60~83.2 |
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Background of extract interval values in different soil forming parent material
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Distribution map of reference region for background point of soil environmental monitoring in Henan Province
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Comparison chart of sample collection and verification data
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