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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2024, Vol. 36 Issue (1) : 67-76     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2022430
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MSPAP-MCRF-based construction and optimization of a hierarchical ecological network for arid regions: A case study of Zhongwei City, Ningxia
LIU Yuanyuan(), MA Caihong(), HUA Yuqi, LI Conghui, YANG hang
School of Geography and Planning, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Abstract  

Based on data from multiple sources including Landsat8 OLI_TIRS remote sensing images, digital elevation model (DEM), road networks, and water system, as well as the corrected energy factor model and gravity model, this study improved the method for ecological network construction based on morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model. Using the method, this study constructed and optimized a hierarchical ecological network for Zhongwei City, Ningxia. The results show that: ① The identification of ecological source areas in arid regions should be conducted using the data of woodland, grassland, and water bodies as foreground data and woodland and selecting ecological source areas based on ecological redlines; ② The ecological network of Zhongwei City presents a spatial structure mode characterized by four cores, three first-level ecological corridors, and multiple minor ecological source areas. Seventeen ecological source areas were identified, accounting for 22.33% of the study area. Among them, four grade-1 and -2 source areas exhibited significantly high energy factors, forming four cores. A total of 33 potential ecological corridors were identified, including three grade-1 ecological corridors; ③ Strategies for optimizing the ecological network, including improving ecological source areas’ quality, enhancing corridors, and restoring ecological breaking points. Except for the stable corridors connecting Nos. 1, 7, and 9 source areas, other source areas manifest poor connectivity, leading to low ecological network stability. Therefore, it is necessary to establish 24 ecological stepping stones. Furthermore, 38 ecological breaking points requiring urgent restoration were discovered; (4) The optimized ecological network demonstrates enhanced stability, with α, β, and γ indices elevated at 9.5%, 3.8%, and 4.2%, respectively. This network will promote the flow of ecological materials/information and biodiversity conservation.
Keywords morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA)      minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model      hierarchical ecological network      arid region      upper reaches of the Yellow River     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
  X171.1  
Issue Date: 13 March 2024
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Yuanyuan LIU
Caihong MA
Yuqi HUA
Conghui LI
hang YANG
Cite this article:   
Yuanyuan LIU,Caihong MA,Yuqi HUA, et al. MSPAP-MCRF-based construction and optimization of a hierarchical ecological network for arid regions: A case study of Zhongwei City, Ningxia[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2024, 36(1): 67-76.
URL:  
https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2022430     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2024/V36/I1/67
Fig.1  Scope and location of the study area
景观类型 含义 阈值
核心区 生境斑块较大,可为物种提供较大栖息地,作为生态源地 17/117
孔隙 核心区和非绿色景观斑块之间的过渡区域,即内部斑块边缘,具有边缘效应 5/105
孤岛 连接度较低,内部物质、能量交流和传递可能性较小,不相连的孤立、破碎小斑块 9/109
边缘区 核心区和主要非绿色景观区域之间的过渡区域 3/103
环岛 连接统一核心区的廊道,规模小、与外围自然斑块的连接度低 65/165
桥接区 连接核心区的狭长区域,对生物迁移和景观连接具有重要意义 33/133
支线 只有一端与其他景观类型相连的区域 1/101
Tab.1  MSPA landscape types and meanings
阻力因子 分级指标 阻力值 权重
高程/m <1 300 10 0.07
[1 300,1 500) 50
[1 500,1 700) 70
[1 700,1 900) 100
[1 900,2 100) 120
≥2 100 150
坡度/(°) <8 10 0.13
[15,25) 20
[15,25) 30
[25,35) 50
≥35 100
土地利用
类型		 林地 10 0.36
水域 20
草地 30
耕地 70
未利用地 100
建设用地 120
植被覆盖度/% <30 120 0.24
[30,40) 80
[40,50) 50
[50,60) 30
≥60 10
道路/m <20 220 0.20
[20,50) 180
[50,80) 140
[80,110) 100
≥110 60
Tab.2  Resistance value system evaluation table
Fig.2  Areas and scales of MSPA landscape elements
Fig.3  Spatial distribution of MSPA landscape elements and extraction results of ecological sources
Fig.4  Proportion of forest, water and grass composition in ecological source area
生态红线
源地编号		 总面积/
hm2		 面积百
分比/%		 能量因子 自然保护区
保护等级
0 14 390.52 4.55 0.10 三
1 7 063.96 2.23 0.07 三
2 29 293.02 9.26 0.70 一(国家级)
3 5 986.16 1.89 0.05 三
4 4 594.56 1.45 0.04 三
5 23 011.42 7.28 0.13 三
6 6 283.52 1.99 0.05 三
7 74 378.28 23.52 0.12 三
8 4 436.65 1.40 0.04 三
9 16 038.31 5.07 0.08 三
10 6 244.36 1.97 0.50 二(省级)
11 66 763.00 21.12 0.10 三
12 15 008.12 4.75 0.65 二(省级)
13 1 139.62 0.36 0.01 三
14 8 505.66 2.69 1.00 一(国家级)
16 9 561.29 3.02 0.05 三
17 12 119.91 3.83 0.05 三
Tab.3  Area and proportion of landscape elements of important ecological sources
Fig.5  Single-factor resistance surface and comprehensive resistance surface
Fig.6  Chart of gravitational value and cumulative contribution rate between source and earth
Fig.7  Map of potential ecological corridors
Fig.8  Ecological network structure of “four cores, three corridors and multiple points” in Zhongwei City
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