Remote sensing-based exploration of coalbed methane enrichment areas:Advances in research and prospects

doi:10.6046/zrzyyg.2023193

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Abstract

Coalbed methane (CBM), a type of self-sourced unconventional clean energy, occurs in coal seams and their surrounding rocks. Conventional exploration methods for CBM enrichment areas are laborious, while remote sensing provides a new approach to the rapid exploration of such areas. The basic principle behind the remote sensing-based exploration of CBM enrichment areas is as follows: ① The extraction and comprehensive analysis of multi-source data are conducted based on the comparison between the spectral features of typical surface features and those of surface feature anomalies, including rock and mineral alterations, vegetation anomalies, and thermal anomalies, caused by hydrocarbon micro-seepage in CBM enrichment areas, along with data obtained using geophysical prospecting methods like geological, seismic, and magnetotelluric methods; ② The distribution range and gas-bearing properties of CBM enrichment areas are gradually delineated. This paper reviews the hydrocarbon seepage in the CBM enrichment areas and the response mechanisms of spectral anomalies of surface rocks, minerals, and vegetation. It covers the applications of various methods based on the inversion of spectral parameters of surface rocks, minerals, and vegetation, together with the inversion of the spectral anomalies of surface features, in the exploration of potential CBM enrichment areas. Additionally, this paper elucidates the different explanations for surface thermal anomalies caused by CBM-bearing strata, as well as major methods to improve the accuracy of surface temperature inversion and their applications. In the future, the main approach to achieving low-cost, rapid exploration of CBM enrichment areas will be the analysis and information extraction of three-dimensional, multi-source information based on the combination of remote sensing technology with the geological data, seismic exploration, and geomagnetic prospecting of coalfields.

Keywords coalbed methane enrichment area hydrocarbon micro-seepage remote sensing-based exploration multi-source data extraction

ZTFLH:	TP79
	P618.13

Issue Date: 03 September 2024

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	Qiming QIN
	Zihua WU
	Xin YE
	Nan WANG
	Guhuai HAN

Cite this article:

Qiming QIN,Zihua WU,Xin YE, et al. Remote sensing-based exploration of coalbed methane enrichment areas:Advances in research and prospects[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2024, 36(3): 1-12.

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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2023193 OR https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2024/V36/I3/1

Fig.1 Spectral features of several typical minerals in the USGS database

指数名称	表达式^①	含义	参考文献
三价铁指数1	$ρ R e d ρ B l u e$	反映土壤中三价铁矿物丰度,也即土壤“红度”	[30-31]
三价铁指数2	$ρ R e d ρ B l u e · ρ R e d + ρ S W I R 1650 ρ N I R$	反映土壤中三价铁矿物丰度,适用于三价铁丰度较高的情形	[30-31]
二价铁指数1	$ρ G r e e n + ρ S W I R 1650 ρ R e d + ρ N I R$	反映土壤中二价铁矿物丰度	[31]
二价铁指数2	$ρ S W I R 2167 ρ N I R + ρ G r e e n ρ R e d$	反映土壤中二价铁矿物丰度	[15]
黏土和碳酸盐矿物指数	$ρ N I R ρ S W I R 1650$	反映土壤中黏土和碳酸盐矿物的丰度	[31-32]

Tab.1 Common spectral indices used for monitoring rock and mineral alteration caused by hydrocarbon micro-seepage

Tab.2 Spectral dimensionality reduction methods for monitoring mineral alteration caused by hydrocarbon micro-seepage

指数名称	表达式^①	含义	参考文献
NDVI	$ρ N I R - ρ R e d ρ N I R + ρ R e d$	综合反映植被长势	[48?-50]
绿光归一化差值植被指数(GNDVI)	$ρ N I R - ρ G r e e n ρ N I R + ρ G r e e n$	对叶绿素含量敏感	[47,51]
增强归一化差值植被指数(ENDVI)	$ρ N I R + ρ G r e e n - 2 ρ B l u e ρ N I R + ρ G r e e n + 2 ρ B l u e$	综合反映植被长势,适用于各个生育期	[52-53]
OSAVI	$ρ N I R - ρ R e d ρ N I R + ρ R e d + 0.16$	综合反映植被长势,较好地消除了土壤背景的影响	[47,54]
增强植被指数(EVI)	$2.5 (ρ N I R - ρ R e d) 1 + ρ N I R + 6 ρ R e d - 7.5 ρ B l u e$	对叶面积指数敏感	[52,55]
反转差值植被指数(IDVI)	$1 + (ρ N I R - ρ R e d) 1 - (ρ N I R - ρ R e d)$	综合反映植被长势,在高植被覆盖情况下不易饱和	[56]
红边位置植被指数(RPVI)	$(ρ R e d - b) / k + (ρ N I R - b) / k 2$	对叶绿素含量敏感	[46]

Tab.3 Common spectral indices used for monitoring vegetation stress caused by hydrocarbon micro-seepage

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