高放废物地质处置地下实验室的定义、分类和功能以及我国北山下实验室的科研规划

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2024.1556

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Abstract

Underground research laboratories (URLs) for the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste serve as critical facilities for verifying the safety and suitability of the sites of potential disposal repositories and for developing disposal technologies. URLs are irreplaceable in many aspects such as the siting and system design of potential disposal repositories, the development of the theories and technologies for disposal engineering, the safety and characteristic assessments, full-scale field tests, and on-site demonstration. This study highlights the definition, classification, and functions of URLs and categorizes existing primary URLs both in China and abroad. URLs are generally categorized into general URLs (first generation) and site-specific URLs (second generation). The construction of disposal repositories in China has progressed from national, regional, and site screening to site evaluation and to URL construction. The authors of this study proposed the concepts of "site-specific URLs" and "third-generation URLs" in 2010 and 2014, respectively. Furthermore, the Beishan URL-the world's first site-specific URL for the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste-has been built. This study introduces the siting process, planning, positioning, and functions of the Beishan URL, as well as the functions of primary scientific experiments and main field experiments conducted during its construction. The results of this study serve as a guide for future siting and R&D of disposal repositories.

Key words： high-level radioactive waste underground research laboratories definition and classification site-specific URL Beishan underground research laboratory

Received: 21 December 2023 Published: 08 January 2025

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	Ju WANG
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Cite this article:

Ju WANG,Long LUN. Definition, classification, and functions of underground research laboratories for the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste and the scientific research plan of Beishan underground research laboratory[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(6): 1507-1518.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2024.1556 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2024/V48/I6/1507

13])
">

Overview of URL types and their characteristics
(modified from Blechschmidt,et al. ^[13])

General URLs (version 1.0) using existing mines or tunnels

Overview of general URLs (version 1.0) introduction

New constructed general URLs (version 1.1)

Overview of new constructed generic URLs (version 1.1)

Schematic of major site-specific URLs abroad

Overview of Area-specific URLs

Overview of area-specific URLs

The Location(a) and design(b) of Beishan URL

Schematic illustration of the planning of in-situ tests during URL construction

Planning of in-situ tests during URL construction

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