With the development of digital city, the rapid acquiring and processing of the urban spatial information have become the key technology for constructing digital city. Thanks to the high resolution of airborne remote sensing and high resolution satellite remote sensing, these techniques can play important roles in acquiring and updating the urban spatial information. Modular airborne remote sensing information acquiring and high resolution remote sensing processing suitable to digital city are presented in this paper, and airborne remote sensing data acquired by airborne 3Dimager are applied to digital city as a demonstration.

From a new perspective, the authors put forward a multiple features based analytical approach for remotely sensed imagery to overcome the limitation of the pixel-based analytical approach. With the remote sensing classification as an example, this new approach is described in detail. The potential advantages and prospects of this approach are also discussed in this paper.

In recent years, repeated red tides have caused great damage to the coastal areas of China. As a much more important manner for red tide monitoring than any other remote sensing method, Pushbroom Hyperspectral Imager (PHI) can obtain abundant high resolution and continuous hyperspectral data. In this paper, through the analysis of the hyperspectral data acquired above the North China Sea by airplane from June to August of 2001, the methods for detecting and identifying red tide water are discussed on the basis of creating the fault color image, extracting the reflectance curve of the abnormal district and constructing the correlative function.

The author made SSTprocessing by NOAA-11 CH and CH5 bands, false color image processing by NOAA-11 CH5, CH2 and CH1 bands, and multivariant correlation analysis between gray values and thermal current values from data of the South China Sea. The work was based on the computer image processing system after cloud removal, atmospheric modification and geometry rectification. The remote sensing data were taken from NOAA-11 during May 16-30, 1990, March 15-April 2,1993 and April 12, 1994. Through observational comparison and theoretical analysis, this study has provided scientific basis for oil and gas survey in sea areas.

Climatic characteristics and changes of snow cover over the Northern Hemisphere, the Eurasian Continent, North America and Tibet Plateau were studied based on data of the Northern Hemisphere snow cover area observed by satellite remote sensing from 1966 to 2000. The result shows that the climatic changes are almost the same over such regions as the Northern Hemisphere, the Eurasian Continent and North America, and that an obvious reduction of snow cover area occurred around 1987. Nevertheless, the reduction of the snow cover area in Tibet Plateau happened around 1984. It shows that the internal annual snow cover variation in Tibet Plateau is not quite in agreement with that in other regions.

This paper puts forward some ideas on how to apply the remote sensing to the planning and displaying of Beijing Olympic Sites. Afew examples are given: DOMcan be used to help the designer and decision maker to plan and select correctly the layout and position of Beijing Olympic sites, the thermal infrared map and land cover map can be utilized to provide the ancillary information for planning the green land, and the technician of 3d Vr can be employed to display the structure of the planned Beijing Olympic sites. The working chart for doing the above jobs is also explained in the paper. The result shows that the application of remote sensing to the planning and displaying of Beijing Olympic Sites has a bright future.

Accurate and rapid monitoring of vegetation cover conditions is a key factor in land cover remote sensing monitoring in mountain areas of Beijing. Based on TMimagery data, the mapping technology of FCDmapping model was applied to Mentougou district of Beijing. The results show that the approach of remote sensing mapping is of good practical value. The accuracy of vegetation coverage estimated by FCDmapping model is some 95%, suggesting that the method is suitable to mountain areas. Moreover, the results computed from a landscape pattern analytical program FRAGSTATSby analyzing patch-sizes, number of patches, fractal dimensions and cohesion indices indicate that vegetation covers are main components of the present land cover in Mentougou of Beijing. Analyses of all these indices demonstrate that the ecological-environmental system in Mentougou mountain area is stable. The spatial structure analysis can help to identify the spatial distribution and structure stability of the vegetation coverage, and hence it is another important factor in the ecological system evaluation of Beijing mountain areas.

Amodel consisting of the KdV Equation, Action Balance Equation and Bragg Scattering Model was established based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging mechanism for internal waves to retrieve internal wave depth and amplitude. Methods for internal wave depth and amplitude calculation were derived from this model. Imagery from ERS-1 SARwas used as case studies in seas around China. Comparison with in situ measurements shows that the methods are reasonable.

Asimulation model for the radar backscattering cross section of the sea surface was developed based on the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging mechanism of sea bottom topography. With this model, steep slope bottom topography was simulated. The results show that the maximum depth of measurement can be 100～200 meters if the slope of bottom topography is steep enough. This is in agreement with the SARobservation of the Zengwenxi bottom topography in Taiwan.

Based on earlier researches, the authors have put forward an improved method for 3Dhumidity field retrieval by means of multi-spectral satellite imagery, and established a new statistic model for humidity field analysis of each standard isobaric surface by introducing the measured ground humidity data as a new parameter. Four channel GMSimagery from June to August in₁₉₉₈ and ground as well as radiosonde reports from 70 stations in the analytical area are used. The comparison and verification show that the new model can improve the retrieval precision of 3Dhumidity field, especially that of the lower isobaric surface.

It is found that the regional thermal abnormal variation in Tibet plateau doesn't accord with the former conclusion that the temperature of Brahmaputra suture belt in southern Tibet plateau is high whereas the temperature in northern Tibet is low. The authors hold that the temperature of the middle Bangong-Nujiang suture belt is the highest, that of Brahmaputra suture belt is lower and that of northern Tibet plateau is the lowest. The brahmaputra and Bangong-Nujiang suture belt in Tibet plateau is regarded as a demonstration region. The authors studied the land surface temperature, calculated the emissivity ε, measured the temperature of ground drilling holes and analyzed the data in order to reveal the mechanism between the thermal infrared remote sensing and the tectonic thermal dynamics.

Obtained from the first Chinese medium-resolution imaging spectrometer in SZ-3 spacecraft, the data of CMODIS, with wavelength ranging from 0.4 μm to 12.5μm, contain abundant spectral information. In order to extract useful information from the data and develop their wide applications in many fields, it is necessary to evaluate their quality and analyze the prospects of their application. This paper makes a preliminary evaluation of their spectral quality by using corresponding ground data and analyzes their application in monitoring dynamic change of land cover, water quality and water pollution. The results indicate that the quality of CMODISdata is up to the standard of application, and hence CMODISdata have good application prospects in the survey of national land resources, the monitoring of water pollution, the estimation of crop yield, and the monitoring of natural disasters.

In recent years, the areas suffering from the Oriental Migratory Locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis) plague have gradually expanded in China. In some outbreak areas along the east coast of Dagang, the plague resulted in great reduction of reed yields and caused severe threat to local and regional agricultural production. At present, the monitoring system for this species depends on the field observations conducted by sparsely-distributed observation stations established in 1950's. This observation network has been successful in identifying major locust outbreaks. However, in view of the expansion of infestation areas and the increase in quantity of locust heads (up to 1000 heads in 2001) in one square meters, this paper proposes the use of information technology to establish the Oriental Migratory Locust information monitoring system based on satellite observation data. The preliminary testing work in 2001 is described. In this experiment, sampling statistics of biomass, leaf area index (LAI) from areas affected and not affected by locust plague were performed. The field sample spectra of areas infected and not infected by locust plague were tested. Synchronous Landsat ETMmulti-spectral data were put in order and processed. The results strongly support the feasibility of establishing a satellite sensor-based habitat monitoring system to detect the locust infestations.

This paper presents a method for detecting ship wakes in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. The method has been improved on the basis of the Radon transform. The key element of this method is the localization of the Radon transform, whereby the gray integration of the pixels is performed over short line segments rather than across the entire image. It overcomes the limitation of the Radon transform. The results of this test demonstrate the robustness of the method in the presence of noise as well as its capability of detecting wake features that are significantly shorter than the image dimensions.

Adopting Client/Server architecture, based on hypertext transfer protocol and oriented object method, and using such developing program tools as Visual C++, OpenGLand Active Template Library, the authors have developed a global virtual terrain application system. Database organization functions in the server as well as data transmission and real-time display mechanism are dealt with in this paper. Pyramid data structure and wallet analysis principles are introduced to simplify data. The problem as to how to construct highly efficient indexes and algorithms for displaying and operating 3D landscape on the browser is also discussed. Finally a test is made by using different levels of detail data.

With the Jiangyin Land-Use Planning and Management Information System(JLUPMIS)as an example, this paper discusses several aspects in the development of the information system.