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    基于Sentinel-1A钦防地区地面沉降监测与分析

    Monitoring and analyzing land subsidence in Qinfang, Guangxi based on Sentinel-1A data

    • 摘要: 分析钦防地区地面沉降时空分布、演变规律和驱动因素,可为区域灾害预测防治及城市规划提供科学依据。基于小基线集时序合成孔径雷达干涉测量(small baseline subset interferometric synthetic aperture Radar,SBAS-InSAR)技术,利用45景Sentinel-1A合成孔径雷达影像提取了研究区2018—2021年的地面沉降信息,同时结合地区地质背景、降水数据、土地利用情况和道路等数据,借助于空间分析技术、数理统计和遥感图像分类及变化检测等方法对研究区地面沉降的整体特征、时空演变趋势及其影响因素进行了可视化分析和定量化分析。结果表明: ①在空间维度上,研究时段内研究区地面形变速率介于-114.37~58.55 mm/a之间,研究区内地面形变分布范围广且不均匀分布明显,形成了以钦南区主城区中南部、钦州港与港口区为主的3个沉降中心区域,沉降地区的沉降面积逐年增加并呈现出向南扩张的趋势; ②在时间维度上,各沉降中心区域从整体上随着时间变化呈现不均匀的下沉趋势,但出现了周期性的回升,回升值最大可达18.4 mm; ③在影响因素上,城镇化扩张、道路密度、构造运动、地层作用、降水作用和海平面上升是导致研究区地面沉降的主要因子,同时也主导了地面沉降的扩张和增幅。

       

      Abstract: This study aims to lay the scientific foundation for regional disaster prediction, prevention, and control, as well as urban planning, by analyzing the spatio-temporal distribution, evolutionary patterns, and driving factors of land subsidence in the Qinfang area, Guangxi Province, China. Using the small baseline subset interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SBAS-InSAR) technique, this study extracted information on land subsidence in the study area during 2018—2021 from 45 scenes of Sentinel-1A SAR images. By combining the geological setting, precipitation, land use, and road data and using methods such as GIS spatial analysis, mathematical statistics, remote sensing image classification, and change detection, this study conducted visual and quantitative analyses of the overall characteristics, spatio-temporal evolutionary trends, and influencing factors of land subsidence in the study area. The results show that: ① In the spatial dimension, the ground deformations, at rates ranging from -114.37 to 58.55 mm/a within the study area, exhibited extensive but significantly nonuniform distributions during 2018—2021. Consequently, three primary subsidence centers emerged in the central and southern urban areas of Qinnan District, Qinzhou Port, and the port area, with subsidence areas expanding southward annually; ② In the temporal dimension, the subsidence centers displayed an overall uneven subsidence trend over time. Besides, they exhibited periodic rebounds, with a maximum rebound amplitude of 18.4 mm; ③ In terms of influencing factors, primary factors causing land subsidence in the study area included urbanization, road density, tectonic movement, stratigraphy, precipitation, and sea level rise, which play a predominant role in the expansion and intensification of land subsidence.

       

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