Abstract: Exploring the response of ecosystem services to the changes in production-living-ecological land use under different scenarios is critical for the sustainable development of territorial space and the improvement of regional systems. This study investigated the ecological economic belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Based on the PLUS-MarKov model, it simulated the changes in production-living-ecological land use in the ecological economic belt in 2030 under the natural development scenario (NDS), ecological protection scenario (EPS), and urban development scenario (UDS). Moreover, it explored the response characteristics of ecosystem service value (ESV) to the changes in production-living-ecological land use. The results show that the production land exhibits both increase and decrease in the Yinchuan and Weining plains. The ecological land is somewhat reduced due to internal structural adjustment and optimization, concentrated in Shapotou, Baijitan, the Yellow River riparian shelterbelt in the north-central Yinchuan Plain, and the loess hilly soil and water conservation area in the south. The land for living continues to increase, expanding from urban to surrounding areas. The NDS reveals a reduced rate of changes in the production-living-ecological land use, while the EPS indicates a reduced rate of shift in ecological land use. In contrast, the UDS shows a higher rate of increase in land for living and higher rates of decrease in ecological and production land. The ESV is improved under the three scenarios, specifically in decreased order of EPS (11.48×10⁸ yuan), UDS (2.74×10⁸ yuan), and NDS (1.89×10⁸ yuan). The ESV improvement areas extend primarily from the north-central Yinchuan Plain, Weining Plain, and Lingyan Platform to the peripheries. The ESV reduction areas show varying distributions under different scenarios. To achieve high-quality development, the ecological economic belt should prioritize ecological protection, prevent the disorderly spreading of land for living, and ensure the retention of production land.