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    时空动态视角下基于ESV与ERI的生态分区识别——以河北省秦皇岛市为例

    Identification of ecologic zones based on ecosystem service value and ecological risk index from a perspective of spatiotemporal dynamics: A case study of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province

    • 摘要: 随着气候变化和人类活动的影响,生态服务功能退化风险日益加剧,区域生态安全面临着巨大的挑战。探索生态系统服务价值(ecosystem service value,ESV)与景观生态风险指数(ecological risk index,ERI)的生态分区可直观识别区域生态功能状态,为区域生态环境保护提供依据。该文以河北省秦皇岛市为例,综合采用景观生态学法、当量因子法、GIS网格法以及空间自相关等方法,通过集成“前期-中期-后期”视角的动态管控框架,对2001—2021年ESV和ERI进行时空动态分析,揭示其演变规律,并基于“价值-风险”的空间聚集模式,建立研究区生态分区。结果表明: ①2001—2021年秦皇岛市生态价值总体变化幅度不大,约增长0.73亿元,呈现出“大分散、小聚集”交错分布的空间格局; ②生态风险均值呈波动下降的趋势,逐渐向低风险转移,具有“北端高、南端低”的特征; ③研究区ESV和ERI演变类型可划分为维持型、升级型、缓和型和波动型,其中维持型所占比例最大; ④研究区单位面积ESV与ERI存在正相关关系,以高价值-高风险区为主,并集中分布在秦皇岛市北部地区。

       

      Abstract: Under the influence of climate change and human activities, the increasing risk of ecological service degradation poses a significant challenge to regional ecological security. Exploring ecologic zones based on ecosystem service value (ESV) and landscape ecological risk index (ERI) enables an intuitive identification of the regional ecological function status, thereby providing a basis for regional ecosystem conservation. This study investigated Qinhuangdao City in Hebei Province, China, by integrating landscape ecology, equivalent factor, GIS grid, and spatial autocorrelation methods. Under the whole-process dynamic control framework, this study analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of ESV and ERI from 2001 to 2021, revealing their evolutionary patterns. Moreover, based on the value-risk spatial aggregation patterns, this study determined the ecologic zones in Qinhuangdao City. The results indicate that over the past two decades, the ESV in Qinhuangdao City exhibited overall slight variations, with an increase of about 0.073 billion yuan, presenting a spatial pattern characterized by alternatively distributed large dispersion and small aggregation. The average ERI value showed a fluctuating downward trend, gradually shifting toward lower risk, with higher ERI values in the north compared to the south. The evolutionary types of ESV and ERI in Qinhuangdao City can be classified into maintenance, upgrading, mitigation, and fluctuation types, with the maintenance type representing the largest proportion. A positive correlation was observed between ESV and ERI per unit area in Qinhuangdao City, dominated by zones with high ESV and ERI in the northern part of Qinhuangdao City.

       

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