Abstract:
Under the influence of climate change and human activities, the increasing risk of ecological service degradation poses a significant challenge to regional ecological security. Exploring ecologic zones based on ecosystem service value (ESV) and landscape ecological risk index (ERI) enables an intuitive identification of the regional ecological function status, thereby providing a basis for regional ecosystem conservation. This study investigated Qinhuangdao City in Hebei Province, China, by integrating landscape ecology, equivalent factor, GIS grid, and spatial autocorrelation methods. Under the whole-process dynamic control framework, this study analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of ESV and ERI from 2001 to 2021, revealing their evolutionary patterns. Moreover, based on the value-risk spatial aggregation patterns, this study determined the ecologic zones in Qinhuangdao City. The results indicate that over the past two decades, the ESV in Qinhuangdao City exhibited overall slight variations, with an increase of about 0.073 billion yuan, presenting a spatial pattern characterized by alternatively distributed large dispersion and small aggregation. The average ERI value showed a fluctuating downward trend, gradually shifting toward lower risk, with higher ERI values in the north compared to the south. The evolutionary types of ESV and ERI in Qinhuangdao City can be classified into maintenance, upgrading, mitigation, and fluctuation types, with the maintenance type representing the largest proportion. A positive correlation was observed between ESV and ERI per unit area in Qinhuangdao City, dominated by zones with high ESV and ERI in the northern part of Qinhuangdao City.