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    基于改进HRNet和多时相Sentinel-1 SAR影像的水稻种植区提取

    Extracting information on rice planting areas based on an improved HRNet model and multi-temporal SAR images from Sentinel-1

    • 摘要: 及时和准确地获取水稻种植信息,对国家粮食安全具有重要意义。以往研究中水稻种植区域的提取以光学遥感为主,然而对于雨云较多的区域,光学遥感数据获取受到一定限制,虽然微波雷达数据光谱信息弱,但多时相合成孔径雷达数据可以有效弥补其不足,此外深度学习的发展为提取水稻种植区域提供了良好契机。该文以深度学习网络(high-resolution network, HRNet)为基础, 提出一种基于HRNet的自适应特征融合通道注意力模型(adaptive feature fusion channel attention module based on HRNet,AFFCA-HRNet)。首先,构建通道注意力机制,将经过最大池化和平均池化后的分量进行特征运算; 其次,将改进后的通道注意力模块嵌入HRNet与原始卷积层组成残差结构得到自适应融合的特征提取模块。以湖南省长沙市望城区为实验区,基于构建的哨兵一号(Sentinel-1)多时相雷达数据集开展了水稻种植区域提取研究。结果表明,AFFCA-HRNet模型可以充分利用高级语义特征和空间特征,水稻提取的总体精度可以达到94.9%,Kappa系数为0.938 9,优于应用广泛的语义分割网络Deeplabv3。该文结合深度学习和多时相微波雷达数据, 为多云雨区域水稻种植区提取提供了一种有效的解决方案,具有较好的应用价值。

       

      Abstract: Timely and accurate acquisition of rice planting information is of great significance for national food security. Optical remote sensing has served as a primary means for extracting information on rice planting areas. However, it is challenging to acquire optical remote sensing data in regions with frequent rainfall and cloud cover. In contrast, although microwave radar data offer subtle spectral information, this limitation can be effectively overcome by multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. Additionally, the increasingly mature deep learning technology further provides a solid foundation for extracting information about rice planting areas. Building upon HRNet-a high-resolution deep learning network, this study proposed an improved network model termed AFFCA-HRNet, where AFFCA denotes the adaptive feature fusion and channel-spatial attention. The HRNet was improved as follows. First, a channel attention mechanism was constructed to perform feature operations on the components obtained through max and average pooling. Second, the improved channel attention module was embedded into the HRNet, forming a residual structure in conjunction with the original convolutional layer, thereby generating a feature extraction module with adaptive fusion. Based on the multi-temporal SAR dataset from Sentinel-1, the AFFCA-HRNet model was employed to extract information on rice planting areas in Wangcheng District, Changsha City, Hunan Province. The results demonstrate that by leveraging high-level semantic and spatial features, the AFFCA-HRNet model achieved an overall accuracy of 94.9% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.938 9 in information extraction, outperforming the widely utilized semantic segmentation network Deeplabv3. The proposed model, by integrating deep learning with multi-temporal microwave radar data, offers an effective solution for rice classification in regions exposed to frequent rainfall and cloud cover, holding great application potential.

       

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