Abstract: With intensifying mineral resource exploitation, mining-induced land destruction has gradually become a crucial constraint on regional ecological protection and sustainable development. Accurately understanding the distribution characteristics, scales, and types of newly destroyed land caused by mine development is a prerequisite for ecological restoration and management. This study aims to fill the gap in research on the dynamic monitoring of land destruction caused by mine development in Jiangsu Province in recent years. Using the Rational Polynomial Coefficient (RPC) model, this study first corrected the high-resolution remote sensing images of the province in 2021 and 2022. Then, image fusion was conducted in combination with principal component analysis. Through a comparative analysis and manual interpretation of these processed images, along with field verification, this study acquired core data, including the locations, scales, and types of newly destroyed land caused by mine development in the province. Moreover, using spatial autocorrelation analysis, this study generated a cluster map of local indicators of spatial association (LISAs) to reveal the spatial distribution pattern of the newly destroyed land. The results indicate that from 2021 to 2022, the newly destroyed land caused by mine development in Jiangsu Province was dominated by collapse pits and stopes. Among the 20 mineral types involved, coals contributed the most significantly to the scale of newly destroyed land. The area of newly destroyed land caused by open-pit mining accounted for 51.70% of the total. Regarding spatial distribution, the newly destroyed land caused by mine development exhibited an insignificant aggregation effect throughout the province except for Xuzhou and Changzhou cities, which represented both high-value agglomeration zones and hotspots in both the scale and quantity of destroyed land. Therefore, the two cities should be prioritized as key targets for furture ecological restoration.