This paper has designed a structural type identification method of the Suzhou river network picked up from the SPOT-5 image. According to the overall structural features of the Suzhou river network, some typical discrimination factors are selected, and then discrimination is made by using one or several discrimination factors. On the basis of the statistical features, it can be divided into some possible classifications and, by using other factors, differentiation can be further carried out in the resulting classification. Therefore, with the dichotomy, the types of river network can be classified. This method proves to be very effective in the structural type identification of the Suzhou river network and can attain the aim of differentiating structures of river networks.