1. School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201,China 2. School of Geomatics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China 3. Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China 4. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
为了评估木孜塔格峰冰川在全球气候变暖背景下的变化,利用历史地形图数据、Landsat遥感影像、数字高程模型(digital elevation model , DEM)数据及TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X数据,基于合成孔径雷达干涉测量(interferometry synthetic aperture Radar,InSAR)和大地测量法对木孜塔格峰地区1972—2011年间的冰川面积变化和物质平衡进行了详细研究。结果表明: 1972—2011年间木孜塔格峰地区冰川面积年均缩减率为0.02±0.06%,其中47条冰川表现为退缩,2条冰川表现为前进; 木孜塔格峰地区冰川物质呈现微弱的负平衡(-0.06±0.01 m w.e./a)趋势,其中1999年以前为-0.11±0.02 m w.e./a,主要受气温升高所影响,1999年后几乎接近于平衡状态(0.02±0.04 m w.e./a),降水的增加弥补了气温升高造成的物质亏损; 木孜塔格峰地区冰川前进不同于正常前进冰川,其前进原因可能是冰川内部消融引起的液态水润滑作用导致上游物质向下转移; 在当前气候背景下,该区域大部分冰川表现为退缩,2条冰川有前进现象,1条冰川有过跃动(崩塌)现象,总体上该区域冰川呈现微弱的物质负平衡。
In order to further understand the glacier change in Ulugh Muztagh under the background of climate change, historical topographic map data, Landsat TM, SRTM DEM and TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X data with bi-static mode were employed to obtain the detail change of the glacier area and mass balance between 1972 and 2011 around Muztagh peak. The results indicated that reduction rate of annual glacier area was 0.02±0.06% between 1972 and 2011. Among all glaciers, 47 glaciers showed retreat while 2 glaciers advanced for some distance. And the mass change showed a slight negative balance (-0.06±0.01 m w.e./a) for the whole region. From 1972 to 1999, the mass balance was -0.11±0.02 m w.e./a, caused probably by the temperature rising; From 1999 to 2011, the mass change was close to balance (0.02±0.04 m w.e./a), caused by the precipitation increasing. Glacier advance in Muztagh was different from that of normal advanced glacier. For this kind of Polar type glaciers, it was probably caused by the inner melting or liquid water occurrence due to more precipitation that made some glaciers moving forward or surging. In the background of the current climate, most glaciers showed retreat but two glaciers advanced and one glacier surged (avalanche); overall, the glaciers in the region showed slightly negative mass balance.
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