Forests have an important impact on global environmental change, especially in the carbon cycle. The demand of sensing monitoring for meteorological disasters, especially typhoon and flood, has become increasingly important. Traditional sensing monitoring of low and medium resolution can hardly meet the requirement. High resolution satellite has the advantage of high spatial resolution in vegetation monitoring. In this paper, the characteristics and pretreatment methods of GF-1 satellite images were studied in detail. The methods of radiation calibrater, atmospheric correction, ortho-rectification and calculating vegetation coverage were described in this paper. Finally, there was a case study of vegetation eco-environmental monitoring in Xiamen City. Researches show that most part of Xiamen belongs to high or higher vegetation coverage area, and the vegetation coverage in Haicang, Jimei, Xiangan and Tongan inland areas is significantly better than that in coastal areas. In the island of Xiangan, the vegetation coverage is better in the southern part than in the northern part.
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