In this paper, the enrichment factors and pollution indexes of heavy metals were used to evaluate the heavy metal pollution condition of the floodplain topsoil in Jishui River. Based on the pollution indicators, the authors have reached the conclusion that all the floodplain topsoil at the sampling points has been polluted in various degrees. An analysis of heavy metal accumulation rate of Miscanthus floridulus reveals that Miscanthus floridulus has relatively strong absorption capacity for Cu, Zn and Cr. An opposite tendency is shown between the heavy metal absorption capacity of Miscanthus floridulus leaves and the heavy metal pollution condition in floodplain topsoil of the Jishui River. Furthermore, correlation analysis was made between two spectral features parameters (A1 means the integral value of visible light and A2 the integral value of near-infrared) and content of three heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cr) in the leaves of Miscanthus floridulus. As a result, two multiple regression equations between the spectral features and the content of three heavy metals  were established. The result shows that the content of three heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cr) in the leaves of Miscanthus floridulus is effective (R2>0.93) in modeling the spectral feature change of Miscanthus floridulus leaves under the severe impact of heavy metals.