In order that people grasp the elementary knowledge of MODIS data application status in China’s terrestrial science, this paper describes the achievements acquired by Chinese scholars in the MODIS data processing, the remote sensing information extraction and the application of productive practices, with an aim of expressing the continuous improvement and the difficulties in the study of terrestrial science based on the MODIS data. The result could provide the theoretical support for further enrichment and improvement of the MODIS data application. At the end of the paper, three measures are put forward for further practicability of MODIS data, i.e., the improvement of MODIS data source quality, the perfection of the information extraction methods, and the construction of the MODIS data analysis models.