Imaging modeling of integrated imaging spectrometers for undulating terrain with uneven surface feature distribution

doi:10.6046/zrzyyg.2023202

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Abstract

Integrated imaging spectrometers can effectively improve the monitoring capability of terrestrial ecosystems. Imaging simulation in the design and development of spectrometers is identified as an important means to improve their efficiency. To overcome the shortcomings of current imaging simulation in scene modeling and radiation transport models, this study developed a full-link hyperspectral imaging simulation model. Using this model, this study conducted preliminary assessments of load efficiency. First, heterogeneous modeling for large-scale scenes was conducted according to the observation targets of loads. Then, a surface radiation transport model containing fluorescence radiation and thermal radiation was derived for undulating terrain with uneven surface feature distribution (also referred to as unevenly undulating surface). Finally, by integrating the imaging model of grating spectrometers, this study established a full-link imaging simulation model. To determine the impacts of the adjacency effect of the unevenly undulating surface on the spatial distribution of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), this study compared the radiance of red and far-red SIF derived with and without considering the adjacency effect of terrain under the spatial resolution of the used integrated imaging spectrometer. For data on significantly undulating terrain with uneven surface feature distribution, the SIF radiance exhibited differences of up to maxima of 22% and 52%, respectively, and ignoring the adjacency effect led to significant errors in the high-resolution SIF simulations. The imaging modeling method developed in this study can be used for hyperspectral imaging simulation of unevenly undulating surfaces, thus allowing for analyzing the efficiency of integrated imaging spectrometers for composite applications in ecological monitoring.

Keywords hyperspectral imaging simulation solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence terrestrial ecological monitoring hyperspectral imaging

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Issue Date: 23 December 2024

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	Bolun CUI
	Xin LI
	Ning AN
	Chiming TONG
	Jiaming ZHANG
	Jun ZHU

Cite this article:

Bolun CUI,Xin LI,Ning AN, et al. Imaging modeling of integrated imaging spectrometers for undulating terrain with uneven surface feature distribution[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2024, 36(4): 165-174.

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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2023202 OR https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2024/V36/I4/165

Fig.1 Simulation system of compact economical hyperspectral imager

Fig.2 Input and output parameters of the canopy RTM

Fig.3 Framework of scene simulating data

Fig.4 Defined of radiation transformation irradiance

Fig.5 Weight of pixels at different distances

Fig.6 Flowing chart of the imaging distortion model

Fig.7 Input data of scene simulation

Tab.1 Parameters of atmospheric radiative transformation

Fig.8 Simulated data of hyperspectral channel block

Fig.9 Simulated data of SIF channel block

Fig.10 Spectral radiance of different places in rugged terrain

Fig.11 TOA SIF_farred with/without terrain effect

Fig.12 TOA SIF_red with/without terrain effect

Fig.13 Line distribution of SIFred and SIFfarred

Fig.14 Products of hyperspectral channel block

Fig.15 SIF distribution on rugged terrain

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