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| Geochemical characteristics and bioavailability of selenium in alkaline soil in Shizuishan area, Ningxia |
WANG Zhi-Qiang1( ), YANG Jian-Feng1(), WEI Li-Xin2, SHI Tian-Chi1, CAO Yuan-Yuan1 |
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Abstract Based on the comprehensive collection of samples from the alkaline soil in the Shizuishan area, Ningxia, this study analyzes the geochemical indicators of selenium and available selenium in soil in the area.The results are as follows. The seleniumin soil in the study area is mainly originated from the black rock series in the Helan Mountain area, followed by siltation brought in by the agricultural irrigation water diverted from the Yellow River. The bioavailability of selenium in the study area is at a relatively high level, and the effective selenium enrichment and above covers 79.2% of the whole study area, with an area of about 777.2 km2. The content of different forms of selenium is in the order ofresidualselenium>strongly organic matter-bound selenium>humic acid-bound selenium>ion exchangeableselenium≈water-soluble selenium > carbonate-bound selenium≈iron manganese oxide-boundselenium. The total selenium content is limited, while thewater-soluble selenium content is relatively high. The higher the total nitrogen and organic matter content in soil, the higher the total selenium and available selenium content. As the salt content in soil in the study area increases, the bioavailability of seleniumtends to gradually increase. The irrigation-silted soiland thefluvo-aquic soil with a pH value between 7.5 and 9 have moderate total selenium content and high available selenium content, and they are high-quality areas for planting selenium-rich agricultural products.
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Received: 23 March 2021
Published: 25 February 2022
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Corresponding Authors:
YANG Jian-Feng
E-mail: nxw12@163.com;623552149@qq.com
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| 硒含量分级 | 硒效应 | 谭见安等[11,12] | | 宁夏富硒土壤标准[13] | | 表层土壤总硒/10-6 | 占比/% | 表层土壤总硒/10-6 | 占比/% | | 缺乏 | 硒反应病 | <0.125 | 8.67 | | <0.116 | 7.58 | | 边缘 | 硒不足 | 0.125~0.175 | 10.22 | | 0.116~0.175 | 11.34 | | 中等 | 足硒 | 0.175~0.4 | 74.47 | | 0.175~0.222 | 16.30 | | 高 | 富硒 | 0.4~3.0 | 6.63 | | 0.222~3.0 | 64.80 | | 过剩 | 硒中毒 | ≥3.0 | | | ≥3.0 | |
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Classification of soil selenium content in Shizuishan area
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Distribution characteristics of soil selenium content in Shizuishan area
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| 硒含量分级 | 表层土壤水溶态硒/10-9 | 硒效应 | 占比/% | | 缺乏 | <3 | 硒反应病 | 3.06 | | 边缘 | 3~6 | 硒不足 | 8.48 | | 中等 | 6~8 | 足硒 | 9.26 | | 高 | 8~20 | 富硒 | 71.31 | | 过剩 | ≥20 | 硒中毒 | 7.89 |
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Classification of soil water-soluble selenium content and selenium effect in Shizuishan area
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Distribution characteristics of soil available selenium content in Shizuishan area
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| 形态 | 最大值/10-9 | 最小值/10-9 | 平均值/10-9 | 标准偏差 | 变异系数 | 去除极值
后平均值/10-9 | 占全硒百分比
均值(去除极值)/% | | 水溶态 | 12.90 | 10.09 | 11.21 | 0.69 | 0.061 | 11.13 | 4.88 | | 离子交换态 | 15.00 | 8.15 | 11.34 | 1.88 | 0.166 | 11.26 | 4.95 | | 碳酸盐结合态 | 8.36 | 3.48 | 5.61 | 1.44 | 0.257 | 5.52 | 2.35 | | 腐殖酸结合态 | 43.61 | 1.38 | 25.60 | 10.69 | 0.418 | 26.55 | 11.12 | | 铁锰氧化物结合态 | 6.39 | 3.51 | 5.10 | 0.81 | 0.159 | 5.15 | 2.24 | | 强有机结合态 | 84.12 | 10.62 | 52.36 | 20.12 | 0.384 | 53.90 | 22.39 | | 残渣态 | 206.54 | 45.88 | 114.76 | 37.56 | 0.327 | 111.24 | 47.45 | | 全量 | 318.00 | 86.00 | 230.53 | 59.77 | 0.259 | 239.31 | |
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Statistical table of selenium element speciation analysis results
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| 地区 | 全量/10-6 | 水溶态/10-9 | 水溶态占比/% | 参考文献 | | 宁夏石嘴山 | 0.23 | 11.21 | 4.88 | 本文 | | 黑龙江海伦市 | 0.29 | 8 | 4.68 | [17] | | 江西鄱阳湖 | 0.308 | 11 | 3.60 | [15] | | 天津市蓟州区 | 0.37 | 15 | 4.6 | [16] | | 南疆焉耆盆地 | 0.39 | 7 | 2.05 | [18] | | 青海东部 | 0.44 | 11.51 | 3.32 | [19] | | 安徽庐江 | 0.45 | 5 | 1.4 | [20] | | 湖北恩施沙地乡 | 1.88 | 13.3 | 0.71 | [21] |
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Characteristics of soil water-soluble selenium content in some areas of China
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Scatter plot of soil available selenium and total selenium content
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| 等级 | 全氮含量/10-6 | 样点数 | 全量硒/10-6 | 有效硒/10-69 | 硒活化度/% | | 低 | <0.9 | 5007 | 0.22 | 10.63 | 5.63 | | 一般 | 0.9~1.2 | 2995 | 0.30 | 14.27 | 5.04 | | 高 | >1.2 | 830 | 0.34 | 17.57 | 5.52 |
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Characteristics of available selenium with different nitrogen content
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| 等级 | 有机质含量/10-3 | 样点数 | 全量硒/10-6 | 有效硒/10-9 | 硒活化度/% | | 低 | <1 | 1959 | 0.155 | 8.266 | 6.437 | | 一般 | 1~1.8 | 4105 | 0.254 | 12.520 | 5.198 | | 高 | >1.8 | 2768 | 0.332 | 15.528 | 5.027 |
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Characteristics of effective selenium with different organic matter content
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| pH | 样品数 | 全量硒/10-6 | 有效硒/10-9 | 硒活化度/% | | 7.5~8 | 54 | 0.42 | 13.80 | 3.78 | | 8~8.5 | 3411 | 0.29 | 13.37 | 5.06 | | 8.5~9 | 4622 | 0.25 | 12.23 | 5.22 | | 9~9.5 | 584 | 0.14 | 8.45 | 6.30 | | 9.5~10 | 108 | 0.14 | 13.08 | 10.09 | | 10~10.5 | 53 | 0.08 | 25.46 | 28.38 |
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Characteristics of effective selenium at different pH values
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| 盐碱程度 | 土壤全盐量/10-3 | 全量硒/10-6 | 有效硒/10-9 | 硒活化度/% | | 无盐渍化 | <1.5 | 0.266 | 11.69 | 4.87 | | 轻度盐渍化 | 1.5~3 | 0.244 | 13.41 | 5.88 | | 中度盐渍化 | 3~6.0 | 0.240 | 12.91 | 6.06 | | 重度盐渍化 | 6~9.9 | 0.227 | 12.66 | 6.54 | | 盐土 | >9.9 | 0.245 | 16.42 | 7.20 |
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Characteristics of effective selenium in different salinity levels
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| 土壤类型 | 全量硒 | | 有效硒 | 硒活化度/% | | 均值/10-6 | 富硒比例/% | 均值/10-9 | 富硒比例/% | | 灰钙土 | 0.401 | 87.84 | | 7.60 | 29.80 | 2.11 | | 新积土 | 0.331 | 70.85 | | 9.99 | 61.97 | 3.44 | | 灌淤土 | 0.262 | 76.40 | | 13.63 | 90.69 | 5.33 | | 潮土 | 0.257 | 51.02 | | 12.99 | 84.17 | 5.75 | | 盐土 | 0.252 | 62.32 | | 13.00 | 82.13 | 5.52 | | 碱土 | 0.213 | 53.33 | | 13.92 | 83.33 | 6.60 | | 风沙土 | 0.119 | 20.67 | | 7.08 | 22.28 | 7.79 |
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Characteristics of available selenium in different soil types
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