近42年黄河口海岸线遥感监测与变迁分析

doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2016.03.29

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基于MSS,TM及OLI等遥感图像数据,在面向对象分类技术的支持下,采用多尺度分割、归一化差值水体指数(normalized difference water index,NDWI)、大津算法(OTSU)水陆分离、互信息操作和特征知识融入等方法,实现了黄河口海岸线1973,1977,1984,1991,2000,2010和2014年共7个时相的海岸线自动提取;借助ArcGIS空间分析技术,完成了1973-2014年黄河口海岸线遥感动态监测与变迁分析。研究结果表明:近42 a来黄河口海岸线总体呈现向海洋方向的增长趋势,海岸线总长度大约增加了298.8 km;海岸线的时空变化特征显著,不同时间段的不同海岸地段呈现不同的特点;根据海岸线的进退情况,可将黄河口海岸线分为强进淤型海岸、强蚀退型海岸和蚀退型海岸。在岸线进退的驱动力上,黄河口海岸线的变化主要受黄河流路变化和海水侵蚀的影响,尤其是黄河入海口的流路改变;人类活动作为第三驱动力,加剧了海岸线变化特征的复杂性。

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关键词 ：高分卫星影像, 同轨约束, 区域网平差, 有理多项式模型(RFM)

Abstract：

Using object-oriented classification technology, the authors achieved the automatic extraction of the Yellow River Estuary coastline in 1973, 1977, 1984, 1991, 2000, 2010 and 2014, and completed the remote sensing dynamic monitoring and the change analysis for the Yellow River Estuary coastline from 1973 to 2014. The results show that the length of shoreline in the Yellow River Estuary was increased by about 298.8 km² in the past 42 years overall. The coastline change process had an obvious spatio-temporal characteristics. The change rate was different at different periods and different locations. According to the characteristics of the coastline expanion and retreat, it could be divided into 3 categories:fast silt coastline, strong erosion coastline and erosion regressive coastline. For the driving force, the location of Yellow River port and sea erosion seem to have been the main factors. The coastline was mainly influenced by the flow path of the Yellow River. And, the recent human activity seems to be the third driving force. Human activities, such as port building, saltpan construction and exploitation of coastal resources, have exacerbated the complexity of coastline change.

Key words： high resolution satellite image same strip constraint block adjustment rational function model(RFM)

收稿日期: 2015-04-14 出版日期: 2016-07-01

TP79

基金资助:

山东省国土资源厅2011年度省地质勘查项目"黄河三角洲高效生态经济区海(咸)水入侵调查与监控预警系统建设"(编号:鲁勘字[2011]14号)资助。

作者简介: 王集宁(1972-),男,高级工程师,主要从事海岸带地质环境遥感调查与矿山地质环境综合监测研究。Email:wjn8934045@126.com。

引用本文:

王集宁, 蒙永辉, 张丽霞. 近42年黄河口海岸线遥感监测与变迁分析[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2016, 28(3): 188-193.
WANG Jining, MENG Yonghui, ZHANG Lixia. Remote sensing monitoring and change analysis of Yellow River Estuary coastline in the past 42 years. REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES, 2016, 28(3): 188-193.

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https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/gtzyyg.2016.03.29 或 https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2016/V28/I3/188

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