1.College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048,China;
2.Key Laboratory of 3 D Information Acquisition and Application,Ministry of Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China
为研究轻小型机载LiDAR的航线设计,以VUX-1型激光扫描仪为例,计算多周期回波(multi time around,MTA)对飞机作业高度的限制;根据要求的点云密度、扫描频率、扫描线速度等指标,依照航空摄影测量原理以及机载LiDAR数据获取规范,从中区别机载LiDAR与传统摄影测量学的不同,并借鉴机载LiDAR的数据采集方式与传统挂载专业相机的摄影测量的相似之处,判定在不同情形下激光的测距变化(例如测区内不同类型的目标反射率不同或大气能见度不同导致的最远测距能力的变化等); 在考虑以上问题基础上,对机载LiDAR系统进行航线设计;最后分别对比旁向点间距和航向点间距的误差,分析其原因并判定该航线设计方案的可行性。
In this paper, the model VUX-1 laser was used as an example to calculate the influence of multitimearound(MTA) on the height of the aircraft. Then according to the requirements of the point cloud density, scanning frequency, scanning speed and other indicators, and in accordance with the principle of air aerial photogrammetry and LiDAR data acquisition specification, the difference between traditional photogrammetry and airborne LiDAR was distinguished, and a cue from traditional photogrammetry was used for reference. The changes of laser range under different conditions, such as the different types of targets in the test area,the different types of targets and the variation of the most remote ranging capability, were determined. By taking into account the above problems,a route for the airborne LiDAR system was designed. At last, the across track point spacing and the along track point spacing were calculated respectively for analyzing the reasons and determining the feasibility of the route design scheme.
[1] Dashora,Lohani B,Deb K.Two-step procedure of optimization for flight planning problem for airborne LiDAR data acquisition[J].International Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Optimisation,2013,4(4):323-350.
[2] 杨 晓,孙 钊.自触发脉冲激光测距飞行时间测量研究[J].电子设计工程,2012,20(1):110-112.
Yang X,Sun Z.Study on time-of-flight measurement of self-triggering pulsed laser ranging[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2012,20(1):110-112.
[3] 陈千颂,赵大龙,杨成伟,等.自触发脉冲飞行时间激光测距技术研究[J].中国激光,2004,31(6):745-748.
Chen Q S,Zhao D L,Yang C W,et al.Study on self-triggering pulsed time-of-flight laser rangefinding[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2004,31(6):745-748.
[4] Airborne Laser Scanner LMS-Q680(i) General Description[Z].Austria,2010.
[5] UAS/UAV Laser Scanner Riegl VUX-1 General Description and Data Interfaces[Z].Austria,2015.
[6] 国家测绘地理信息局.CH/T 8024—2011机载激光雷达数据获取技术规范[S].北京:测绘出版社,2012.
National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information.CH/T 8024—2011 Specifications for Data Acquisition of Airborne LIDAR[S].Beijing:Surveying and Mapping Publishing House,2012.
[7] 赖旭东.机载激光雷达基础原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010.
Lai X D.Basic Principles and Applications of Airborne LiDAR[M].Beijing:Electronic Industry Press,2010.
[8] Lohani B.Airborne Altimetric LiDAR:Principle, Data Collection,Processing and Applications[D].Kanpur:IIT Kanpur,2012.
[9] Jiang H B,Su Y Y,Jiao Q S,et al.Typical geologic disaster surveying in Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake zone using high resolution ground LiDAR and UAV remote sensing[C]//Proceedings of SPIE 9262,Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring XIV.Beijing,China:SPIE,2014:926219.