1. State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079,China 2. China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China 3. China National Administration of GNSS and Applications, Beijing 100088, China 4. Institute of Geospatial Information, Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
In the context of the growing maturity of on-road navigation, this study proposed a cross-disciplinary research direction-off-road navigation-based on the demands for navigation services in complex and unstructured environments. First, the development of on-road navigation and the demand scenarios of off-road navigation were introduced. Based on four specific aspects of vehicle trafficability, scientific issues in the transition from on-road to off-road navigation were presented, including refining remote sensing detection of geographical and geological trafficability elements, remote sensing-based retrieval of soft soil parameters in off-road areas, and quantitative mechanisms behind the impacts of climatic change on ground characteristics. Accordingly, the research direction of off-road navigation was clarified. Then, key technologies like vehicle trafficability calculation and characterization, digital road network construction in off-road areas, and intelligent path planning for off-road navigation were summarized. The technical approach of roadization for off-road areas and the concept of a digital road network for off-road areas were introduced, followed by the establishment of a comprehensive technology system for off-road navigation. Finally, in combination with practical applications, the potential of off-road navigation was confirmed. Research on off-road navigation will further enrich the connotation of navigation and expand its application boundaries.
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