| Review |
|
|
|
|
|
Progress in the study of forest disturbance by remote sensing |
| YANG Chen1,2, SHEN Runping3 |
1. Shanghai Meteorological Disaster Protection Technology Center, Shanghai 200030, China;
2. Shanghai Lightning Protection Center, Shanghai 200030, China;
3. School of Remote Sensing, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Forest ecosystems, which constitute a major part of the terrestrial biosphere, play an important role in terrestrial carbon cycling and storage. However, the accuracy of regional forest carbon-flux estimation is greatly influenced by the lack of forest disturbance data. After reviewing the monitoring methods and index, the authors compared several disturbance monitoring indices. The current study of forest disturbance based on long time series is mainly conducted by North America countries, and China's research work in this aspect is very rare. Therefore, on account of characteristics of China's forest change, it is of important theoretic significance and application value to develop a disturbance monitoring method applicable to China's forest by combining a long time series disturbance analysis method and a appropriate monitoring index.
|
| Keywords
LiDAR point clouds data
tree crowns
3D convex hull
3D gliding-box algorithm
lacunarity
|
|
|
|
Issue Date: 08 December 2014
|
|
|
[1] 王效科,冯宗炜.森林生态系统生物量和碳储存量的研究历史[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1996:335-347. Wang X K,Feng Z W.Study on the History of Forest Ecosystem Biomass and Carbon Storage[M].Beijing:China Science and Technology Press,1996:335-347.
[2] Dixon R K,Solomon A M,Brown S,et al.Carbon pools and flux of global forest ecosystems[J].Science,1994,263(5144):185-190.
[3] 王绍强,许君,周成虎.土地覆被变化对陆地碳循环的影响——以黄河三角洲河口地区为例[J].遥感学报,2001,5(2):142-148. Wang S Q,Xu J,Zhou C H.The effect of land cover change on carbon cycle:A case study in the estuary of Yellow River Delta[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2001,5(2):142-148.
[4] 于贵瑞.全球变化与陆地生态系统碳循环和碳蓄积[M].北京:气象出版社,2003:139-179. Yu G R.Golbal Change,Carbon Cycle and Storage in Terrestrial Ecosystem[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2003:139-179.
[5] Schimel D S,Emanuel W,Rizzo B,et al.Continental scale variability in ecosystem processes:Models,data,and the role of disturbance[J].Ecological Monographs,1997,67(2):251-271.
[6] Houghton R A.Land-use change and the carbon cycle[J].Global Change Biology,1995,1(4):275-287.
[7] Detwiler R P,Hall C A S.Tropical forests and the global carbon cycle[J].Science,1988,239(4835):42-47.
[8] Houghton R A,Hackler J L,Lawrence K T.The U S carbon budget:Contributions from land-use change[J].Science,1999,285(5427):574-578.
[9] Schimel D S,House J I,Hibbard K A,et al.Recent patterns and mechanisms of carbon exchange by terrestrial ecosystem[J].Nature,2001,414(6860):169-172.
[10] Goward S N,Masek J G,Cohen W,et al.Forest disturbance and North American carbon flux[J].Eosystems,2008,89(11):105-116.
[11] Waring R H,Running S W.Forest Ecosystems:Analysis at Multiple Scales[M].San Diego:Academic Press,1998.
[12] Oliver C D,Larson B C.Forest Stand Dynamics[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,1996.
[13] Edwards G.Image segmentation,cartographic information and knowledge-based reasoning:Getting the mixture right[C]//10th Annual International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.Remote Sensing Science for the Nineties.College Park,MD,USA:IEEE,1990:1641-1644.
[14] Colwell J,Davis G,Thomas F.Detection and Measurement of Changes in the Production and Quality of Renewable Resources[M].Ann Arbor,MI:ERIM,1980.
[15] Howarth P J,Wickware G M.Procedures for change detection using Landsat digital data[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1981,2(3):277-291.
[16] Allum J A E,Dreisinger B R.Remote sensing of vegetation change near Inco's Sudbury mining complexes[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1987,8(3):399-416.
[17] Hall F G,Botkin D B,Strebel D E,et al.Large-scale patterns of forest succession as determined by remote sensing[J].Ecology,1991,72(2):628-640.
[18] Miller A B,Bryant E S,Birnie R W.An analysis of land cover changes in the Northern Forest of New England using multitemporal Landsat MSS data[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1998,19(2):245-265 .
[19] Cohen W B,Spies T A,Alig R J,et al.Characterizing 23 years(1972-95) of stand replacement disturbance in western Oregon forests with Landsat imagery[J].Ecosystems,2002,5(2):122-137.
[20] Collins J B,Woodcock C E.Change detection using the Gramm-Schmidt transformation applied to mapping forest mortality[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1994,50(3):267-279.
[21] Coppin P R,Bauer M E.Processing of multitemporal Landsat TM imagery to optimize extraction of forest cover change features[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,1994,32(4):918-927.
[22] Lutes D C,Keane R E,Caratti J F,et al.FIREMON:Fire Effects Monitoring and Inventory System[R].General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-164-CD.Washington,D C,2006.
[23] Masek J G,Huang C Q,Wolfe R,et al.North American forest disturbance mapped from a decadal Landsat record[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2008,112(6):2914-2926.
[24] DeRose R J,Long J N,Ramsey R D.Combining dendrochronological data and the disturbance index to assess Engelmann spruce mortality caused by a spruce beetle outbreak in southern Utah,USA[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(9):2342-2349.
[25] Huang C Q,Goward S N,Schleeweis K,et al.Dynamics of national forests assessed using the Landsat record:Case studies in eastern United States[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(7):1430-1442.
[26] Huang C Q,Goward S N,Masek J G,et al.An automated approach for reconstructing recent forest disturbance history using dense Landsat time series stacks[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114(1):183-198.
[27] 张连华,庞勇,岳彩荣,等.基于缨帽变换的景洪市时间序列Landsat影像森林扰动自动识别方法研究[J].林业调查规划,2013,38(2):6-12. Zhang L H,Pang Y,Yue C R,et al.Forest disturbance automatic identification method based on time series Landsat image of Tasseled cap transformation[J].Forest Inventory and Planning,2013,38(2):6-12.
[28] Adams J B,Sabol D E,Kapos V,et al.Classification of multispectral images based on fractions of endmembers:Application to land-cover change in the Brazilian Amazon[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1995,52(2):137-154.
[29] Woodcock C E,Macomber S A,Pax-Lenney M,et al.Monitoring large areas for forest change using Landsat: Generalization across space,time and Landsat sensors[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2001,78(1/2):194-203.
[30] Gitas I Z,Mitri G H,Ventura G.Object-based image classification for burned area mapping of Creus Cape,Spain,using NOAA-AVHRR imagery[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2004,92(3):409-413.
[31] Healey S P,Cohen W B,Yang Z Q,et al.Comparison of Tasseled Cap-based Landsat data structures for use in forest disturbance detection[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment,2005,97(3):301- 310.
[32] Jin S,Sader S A.MODIS time-series imagery for forest disturbance detection and quantification of patch size effects[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2005,99(4):462-470.
[33] Schroeder T A,Wulder M A,Healey S P,et al.Detecting post-fire salvage logging from Landsat change maps and national fire survey data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2012,122:166-174.
[34] Hansen M C,DeFries R S,Townshend J R G,et al.Towards an operational MODIS continuous field of percent tree cover algorithm:Examples using AVHRR and MODIS data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2002,83(1/2):303-319.
[35] Hansen M C,DeFries R S,Townshend J R G,et al.Global percent tree cover at a spatial resolution of 500 meters:First results of the MODIS vegetation continuous fields algorithm[J].Earth Interact,2003,7(10):1-15 .
[36] Potapov P,Hansen M C,Stehman S V,et al.Combining MODIS and Landsat imagery to estimate and map boreal forest cover loss[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2008,112(9):3708-3719.
[37] Eklundh L,Johansson T,Solberg S.Mapping insect defoliation in Scots pine with MODIS time-series data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(7):1566-1573.
[38] Vogelmann J E,Tolk B,Zhu Z L.Monitoring forest changes in the southwestern United States using multitemporal Landsat data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(8):1739-1748.
[39] Röder A,Hill J,Duguy B,et al.Using long time series of Landsat data to monitor fire events and post-fire dynamics and identify driving factors:A case study in the Ayora region(eastern Spain)[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2008,112(1):259-273.
[40] Röder A,Udelhoven T,Hill J,et al.Trend analysis of Landsat-TM and-ETM+ imagery to monitor grazing impact in a rangeland ecosystem in Northern Greece[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2008,112(6):2863-2875.
[41] Kennedy R E,Yang Z Q,Cohen W B.Detecting trends in forest disturbance and recovery using yearly Landsat time series:1.LandTrendr-Temporal segmentation algorithms[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114(12):2897-2910.
[42] Kennedy R E,Yang Z Q,Cohen W B,et al.Spatial and temporal patterns of forest disturbance and regrowth within the area of the Northwest Forest Plan[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2012,122:117-133.
[43] Gómez C,White J C,Wulder M A.Characterizing the state and processes of change in a dynamic forest environment using hierarchical spatio-temporal segmentation[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(7):1665-1679.
[44] 杨辰,沈润平,郁达威,等.利用遥感指数时间序列轨迹监测森林扰动[J].遥感学报,2013,17(5):1246-1263. Yang C,Shen R P,Yu D W,et al.Forest disturbance monitoring based on the time-series trajectory of remote sensing index[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2013,17(5):1246-1263.
[45] Hilker T,Wulder M A,Coops N C,et al.A new data fusion model for high spatial-and temporal-resolution mapping of forest disturbance based on Landsat and MODIS[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(8):1613-1627.
[46] Li M S,Huang C Q,Zhu Z L,et al.Assessing rates of forest change and fragmentation in Alabama,USA,using the vegetation change tracker model[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2009,257(6):1480-1488.
[47] Li A N,Huang C Q,Sun G Q,et al.Modeling the height of young forests regenerating from recent disturbances in Mississippi using Landsat and ICESat data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(8):1837-1849.
[48] Vogelmann J E,Kost J R,Tolk B,et al.Monitoring landscape change for landfire using multi-temporal satellite imagery and ancillary data[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2011,4(2):252-264.
[49] Wallace J F,Campbell H.Analysis of remotely sensed data[M]//Remote Sensing of Biosphere Functioning.New York:Springer-Verlag,1989:291-304.
[50] Hall R J.The roles of aerial photographs in forestry remote sensing image analysis[M]//Remote Sensing of Forest Environments.US:Springer,2003:47-75.
[51] Hais M,Kučera T.Surface temperature change of spruce forest as a result of bark beetle attack:Remote sensing and GIS approach[J].European Journal of Forest Research,2008,127(4):327-336.
[52] Horler D N H,Ahern F J.Forestry information content of Thematic Mapper data[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1986,7(3):405-428.
[53] Lambert N J,Ardö J,Rock B N,et al.Spectral characterization and regression-based estimates of forest damage in Norway spruce stands in the Czech Republic using landsat thematic mapper data[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1995,16:1261-1287.
[54] Toomey M,Vierling L A.Multispectral remote sensing of landscape level foliar moisture:Techniques and applications for forest ecosystem monitoring[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,2005,35(5):1087-1097.
[55] Guyot G,Riom J.Review of Factors Affecting Remote Sensing of Forest Decline.Proceedings- seminar on Remote Sensing of Forest Decline Attributed to Air Pollution[M].Laxenburg,Austria,1988.
[56] Ekstrand S.Assessment of forest damage with Landsat TM:Correction for varying forest stand characteristics[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1994,47(3):291-302.
[57] Vogelmann J E,Rock B N.Assessing forest damage in high-elevation coniferous forests in vermont and new hampshire using thematic mapper data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1988,24(2):227-246.
[58] Hunt E R Jr,Rock B N.Detection of changes in leaf water content using near-and middle-infrared reflectances[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1989,30(1):43-54.
[59] Fiorella M,Ripple W J.Analysis of conifer forest regeneration using Landsat thematic mapper data[J].Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing,1993,59(9):1383-1388.
[60] Crist E P,Cicone R C.A physically-based transformation of thematic mapper data-the TM tasseled cap[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,1984,22(3):256-263.
[61] Kauth R J,Thomas G S.The tasselled cap-a graphic description of the spectral-temporal development of agricultural crops as seen by Landsat[J].Laboratory for Applications of Remote Sensing,1976:4B41-4B51.
[62] Cohen W B,Spies T A.Estimating structural attributes of Douglas-Fir/Western Hemlock forest stands from Landsat and SPOT imagery[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1992,41(1):1-17.
[63] Cohen W B,Spies T A,Fiorella M.Estimating the age and structure of forests in a multi-ownership landscape of western Oregon,U S A[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1995,16(4):721-746.
[64] Jin S M,Sader S A.Comparison of time series tasseled cap wetness and the normalized difference moisture index in detecting forest disturbances[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2005,94(3):364-372.
[65] Wulder M A,Dymond C C,White J C,et al.Surveying mountain pine beetle damage of forests:A review of remote sensing opportunities[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2006,221(1-3):27-41.
[66] Kuzera K,Rogan J,Eastman J R.Monitoring vegetation regeneration and deforestation using change vector analysis:Mt St Helens study area[C]//ASPRS Annual Conference.Baltimore,Maryland,2005.
[67] Wulder M A,Skakun R S,Kurz W A,et al.Estimating time since forest harvest using segmented Landsat ETM+ imagery[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2004,93(1/2):179-187.
[68] Huete A R.A soil-adjusted vegetation index(SAVI)[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1988,25(3):295-309.
[69] Asrar G,Fuchs M,Kanemasu E T,et al.Estimating absorbed photosynthetic radiation and leaf area index from spectral reflectance in wheat[J].Agronomy Journal,1983,76(2):300-306.
[70] Turner D P,Cohen W B,Kennedy R E,et al.Relationships between leaf area index and Landsat TM spectral vegetation indices across three temperate zone sites[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1999,70(1):52-68.
[71] Maselli F.Monitoring forest conditions in a protected Mediterranean coastal area by the analysis of multiyear NDVI data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2004,89(4):423-433.
[72] 付安民,孙国清,过志峰,等.基于MODIS数据的东北亚森林时序变化分析[J]. 北京大学学报:自然科学版,2010,46(5):835-843. Fu A M,Sun G Q,Guo Z F,et al.Forest changes detection in the northeastern Asia using MODIS imagery[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2010,46(5):835-843.
[73] Hardisky M A,Klemas V,Smart R M,et al.The influence of soil salinity,growth form,and leaf moisture on the spectral radiance of Spartina alterniflora canopies[J].Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing,1983,49(1):77-83.
[74] Wilson E H,Sader S A.Detection of forest harvest type using multiple dates of Landsat TM imagery[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2002,80(3):385-396.
[75] Sader S A,Bertrand M,Wilson E H.Satellite change detection of forest harvest patterns on an industrial forest landscape[J].Forest Science,2003,49(3):341-353.
[76] Skakun R S,Wulder M A,Franklin S E.Sensitivity of the thematic mapper enhanced wetness difference index to detect mountain pine beetle red-attack damage[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2003,86(4):433-443.
[77] Hais M,Jonášová M,Langhammer J,et al.Comparison of two types of forest disturbance using multitemporal Landsat TM/ETM+ imagery and field vegetation data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(4):835-845.
[78] Huang C Q,Thomas N,Goward S N,et al.Automated masking of cloud and cloud shadow for forest change analysis using Landsat images[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2010,31(20):5449-5464.
[79] Miller J D,Thode A E.Quantifying burn severity in a heterogeneous landscape with a relative version of the delta Normalized Burn Ratio(dNBR)[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2007,109(1):66-80.
[80] Soverel N O,Perrakis D D B,Coops N C,et al.Estimating burn severity from Landsat dNBR and RdNBR indices across western Canada[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114(9):1896-1909.
[81] Sunderman S O,Weisberg P J.Remote sensing approaches for reconstructing fire perimeters and burn severity mosaics in desert spring ecosystems[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(9):2384-2389.
[82] Mannstein H.Surface energy budget,surface temperature and thermal inertia[M]//Remote Sensing Applications in Meteorology and Climatology.Netherlands:Springer,1987:391-410.
[83] Sellers P J,Hall F G,Asrar G,et al.The first ISLSCP field experiment(FIFE)[J].Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,1988,69(1):22-27.
[84] Friedl M A,Davis F W.Sources of variation in radiometric surface temperature over a tallgrass prairie[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1994,48(1):1-17.
[85] Goetz S J.Multi-sensor analysis of NDVI,surface temperature and biophysical variables at a mixed grassland site[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1997,18(1):71-94.
[86] Nemani R,Running S W.Land cover characterization using multitemporal red,near-IR,and thermal-IR data from NOAA/AVHRR[J].Ecological Applications,1997,7(1):79-90.
[87] Price J C.Using spatial context in satellite data to infer regional scale evapotranspiration[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,1990,28(5):940-948.
[88] Smith R C G,Choudhury B J.Analysis of normalized difference and surface temperature observations over southeastern Australia[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1991,12(10):2021-2044.
[89] Wan Z,Zhang Y,Zhang Q,et al.Quality assessment and validation of the MODIS global land surface temperature[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2004,25(1):261-274.
[90] Mildrexler D J,Zhao M S,Heinsch F A,et al.A new satellite-based methodology for continental-scale disturbance detection[J].Ecological Applications,2007,17(1):235-250.
[91] Mildrexler D J,Zhao M S,Running S W.Testing a MODIS global disturbance index across North America[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(10):2103-2117.
[92] Coops N C,Wulder M A,Iwanicka D.Large area monitoring with a MODIS-based Disturbance Index(DI)sensitive to annual and seasonal variations[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(6):1250-1261.
[93] 尤慧,刘荣高,祝善友,等.加拿大北方森林火烧迹地遥感分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2013,15(4):597-603. You H,Liu R G,Zhu S Y,et al.Burned area detection in the Canadian boreal forest using MODIS imagery[J].Journal of Geo-information Science,2013,15(4):597-603.
[94] Schroeder T A,Wulder M A,Healey S P,et al.Mapping wildfire and clearcut harvest disturbances in boreal forests with Landsat time series data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(6):1421-1433. |
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
2015,
Vol. 27
