Remote sensing monitoring and spatiotemporal variation analysis of vegetation cover under coal mining activities in the Shendong mining area from 1986 to 2023

doi:10.6046/zrzyyg.2024040

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Abstract

The Shendong mining area is a significant coal-producing area in China. Against the backdrop of climatic amelioration and large-scale coal mining, vegetation in the Shendong mining area has been influenced negatively by coal mining and positively by climatic amelioration and ecological restoration. Long time-series quantitative monitoring and assessment of vegetation cover in the mining area using remote sensing techniques play a significant role in local ecological quality management and ecological conservation. Based on Landsat satellite imagery data, this study conducted a long time-series monitoring of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the Shendong mining area over a nearly 40-year period from 1986 to 2023. This monitoring focused on the interannual variations, variation trends, stability, and future variations of vegetation cover in the mining area. Moreover, this study performed a segmented quantitative analysis, taking 2008 (the onset of large-scale coal mining) as a demarcation point. The results indicate that climatic amelioration over the past nearly four decades has facilitated vegetation growth in the Shendong mining area. Despite the negative impacts of large-scale coal mining on surface vegetation, more favorable climatic conditions and ecological restoration efforts in the mining area have ensured a continuous improvement in vegetation cover, with a higher restoration rate observed locally. The Shendong mining area was characterized by improved vegetation cover across different stages,with the improved area exceeding 80 %. Large-scale coal mining caused limited vegetation deterioration, predominantly occurring in the open-pit mining area. In contrast, the vegetation restoration project in the underground mining area effectively ensured a favorable environment for vegetation growth. The vegetation cover in the Shendong mining area remained relatively stable at different stages. During large-scale coal mining, significant vegetation cover fluctuations occurred primarily in the stopes and waste dumps of the open-pit mining area. The underground mining area exhibited relatively stable vegetation cover overall, except for the land used for industrial and mining construction. Concerning future variations of vegetation cover, the Shendong mining area exhibited a relatively limited capability to maintain its current state. Due to large-scale mining activities, 3.92 % of the area underwent continuous degradation, which was primarily observed in the stopes of the open-pit mining area. This highlighted the urgent need for artificial ecological restoration in the stopes. The results of this study provide a reliable data reference for the supervision of ecological quality in the Shendong mining area, facilitating the more scientific and efficient establishment of a comprehensive ecological prevention and control system.

Keywords Shendong mining area vegetation deterioration and restoration long time-series monitoring spatiotemporal variation analysis

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Issue Date: 01 July 2025

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	Yi WANG
	Yicong ZHANG
	Yang CHENG
	Lianhang XU
	Junting GUO
	Hui WANG
	Jun LI
	Shouhang DU

Cite this article:

Yi WANG,Yicong ZHANG,Yang CHENG, et al. Remote sensing monitoring and spatiotemporal variation analysis of vegetation cover under coal mining activities in the Shendong mining area from 1986 to 2023[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2025, 37(3): 65-75.

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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2024040 OR https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2025/V37/I3/65

Fig.1 Geographic location of the study area

Tab.1 Classification rules of significance test results

Fig.2 Inter-annual variation of mean NDVI during 1986—2023

Fig.3 Spatial distribution of the change trend of vegetation from 1986 to 2007

Fig.4 Spatial distribution of the change trend of vegetation from 2008 to 2023

Fig.5 Spatial distribution of the vegetation change in 2023 compared with before large-scale coal mining

Fig.6 Spatial distribution of vegetation stability from 1986 to 2007

Fig.7 Spatial distribution of vegetation stability from 2008 to 2023

Fig.8 Future change trend of vegetation cover

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[1]	LIU Ying, HOU Enke, YUE Hui. Dynamic monitoring and trend analysis of vegetation change in Shendong mining area based on MODIS[J]. REMOTE SENSING FOR LAND & RESOURCES, 2017, 29(2): 132-137.

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