南京市生态红线区高分辨率遥感精准监测方法与应用

doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2020.03.21

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工业化和城镇化进程的快速发展带来了一系列生态环境问题,严格的生态红线监管政策对于维护国家或区域生态安全具有重要意义。为满足生态红线精准监测的需求,以南京市生态红线区为研究区,利用北京二号高分辨率遥感影像开展了生态红线区地表覆盖精细分类与综合分析。针对北京二号数据的特点,设计了从数据预处理到面向对象分类的技术流程,获得了地表覆盖精细分类专题图,分类总体精度达到91.65%。统计结果显示南京市生态红线区主体由林地、耕地、水体3种地表覆盖类型构成,3种地类分别占到整个研究区的33%,21%和25%; 表征人类活动的建筑物和人工堆掘地等地类占比达到6%和2%。实验结果表明,利用多时相北京二号影像可以监测到中低分辨率影像难以识别的地表覆盖空间细节变化,达到生态红线精准、动态监测目的。

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	张鹏
	林聪
	杜培军
	王欣
	唐鹏飞

关键词 ：生态红线区, 北京二号, 精准监测, 面向对象方法

Abstract：

The rapid development of China’s industrialization and urbanization has brought about a series of ecological and environmental problems. China has proposed a new ecological redline policy (ERP), which plays an important role in protecting natural ecosystems and guaranteeing the national ecological safety. For accurate monitoring of ecological redline areas (ERAs), the high temporal-and-spatial resolution BJ-2 satellite imagery was used for land cover classification of the ERAs of Nanjing. Given the characteristics of BJ-2 satellite imagery, a workflow from data preprocessing to object-based land cover classification was established. The overall accuracy of the classification can reach to 91.65%. It is shown that the ERAs of Nanjing is mainly composed of three kinds of land cover types: forest, cultivated land and water, which occupy 33%, 21% and 25% of the study area respectively. In addition, buildings and artificial pile digging account for 6% and 2%, which can represent human influence to a certain extent. The experimental results show that the multi-temporal BJ-2 imagery can be used to detect the detailed changes of land cover that are difficult to identify in low- and medium-resolution images, and achieve the purpose of dynamic and accurate monitoring of ERAs.

Key words： ecological redline areas (ERAs) BJ-2 accurate monitoring object-based methods

收稿日期: 2019-07-05 出版日期: 2020-10-09

TP79

基金资助:国家自然科学基金重点项目“长时间序列遥感影像智能处理与地理过程时空分析”(41631176)

通讯作者: 杜培军

作者简介: 张鹏(1994-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为资源环境遥感。Email: pzhangrs@smail.nju.edu.cn。

引用本文:

张鹏, 林聪, 杜培军, 王欣, 唐鹏飞. 南京市生态红线区高分辨率遥感精准监测方法与应用[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2020, 32(3): 157-164.
ZHANG Peng, LIN Cong, DU Peijun, WANG Xin, TANG Pengfei. Accurate monitoring of ecological redline areas in Nanjing City using high resolution satellite imagery. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2020, 32(3): 157-164.

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https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/gtzyyg.2020.03.21 或 https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2020/V32/I3/157

Fig.1 南京市生态红线区分布

Tab.1 北京二号卫星参数

Tab.2 各地表覆盖类型最佳分割参数

Fig.2 最佳分割参数下各地表覆盖类型分割效果

Tab.3 地表覆盖分类精度评价

Fig.3 南京市生态红线区地表覆盖分类结果

Fig.4 试验区地表覆盖变化

Fig.5 长江新济洲湿地公园及其地表覆盖类型

Tab.4 湿地公园和重要湿地的地表覆盖面积统计

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