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自然资源遥感  2023, Vol. 35 Issue (1): 123-131    DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2022072
  技术应用 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
哈达门沟金矿蚀变分带的高光谱分析及找矿意义
徐大兴1,2(), 杨彪3,4(), 邵兆刚1, 柳长峰5, 王达6, 王建平6
1.中国地质科学院,北京 100037
2.北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京 100871
3.呼和浩特自然资源综合调查中心,呼和浩特 010010
4.成都理工大学地球科学学院,成都 610059
5.中国地质大学(北京)海洋学院,北京 100083
6.中国地质大学(北京)地球与科学资源学院,北京 100083
A hyperspectral analysis of alteration zoning in the Hadamengou gold deposit and its significance for ore prospecting
XU Daxing1,2(), YANG Biao3,4(), SHAO Zhaogang1, LIU Changfeng5, WANG Da6, WANG Jianping6
1. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
2. School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University,Beijing 100871, China
3. Hohhot Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center, Hohhot 010010, China
4. School of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
5. School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
6. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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摘要 

内蒙古包头市哈达门沟金矿是乌拉山—大青山成矿带上重要的大型金矿床,具有很大的找矿潜力。为了充分发挥遥感技术在地质找矿中的应用,对哈达门沟金矿进行了不同遥感数据的矿化蚀变信息提取。依据矿区蚀变矿物光谱特征,利用Landsat8 OLI、ASTER、WorldView-3遥感数据,采用主成分分析确定了哈达门沟金矿Landsat8 OLI和WorldView-3提取铁染、ASTER和WorldView-3提取羟基、ASTER提取碳酸盐化的综合处理方法。通过蚀变异常信息的分布规律,叠加矿区地质图分析,成功圈定了2条蚀变带,并且结合控矿构造研究的成果,认为哈达门沟金矿成矿热液活动与构造关系密切。研究可以为乌拉山—大青山成矿带寻找同种类型的金矿床提供参考,对哈达门沟金矿外围找矿有一定的指导意义。
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徐大兴
杨彪
邵兆刚
柳长峰
王达
王建平
关键词 ： 哈达门沟金矿,  蚀变异常信息,  综合处理方法,  控矿构造,  外围找矿    
Abstract：

The Hadamengou gold deposit in Baotou City, Inner Mongolia is an important large gold deposit in the Wulashan-Daqingshan metallogenic belt, with great prospecting potential. To give full play to remote sensing technology in geological prospecting, this study extracted the mineralization alteration information of the Hadamengou gold deposit from remote sensing data of different satellites. Based on the spectral characteristics of alteration minerals in the mining area, this study proposed a comprehensive processing method that extracted iron staining information from the Landsat8 OLI and WorldView-3 data, hydroxyl information from the ASTER and WorldView-3 data, and carbonation information from the ASTER data through principal component analysis. As a result, two alteration zones were delineated based on the distribution patterns of alteration anomalies and the geological map analysis of the mining area. By combining the study results of the ore-controlling structures, it is believed that the metallogenic hydrothermal processes of the Hadamengou gold deposit were closely related to structures. This study can provide a reference for the prospecting for the same type of gold deposits in the Wulashan-Daqingshan metallogenic belt and can guide the peripheral prospecting of the Hadamengou gold deposit.
Key words： Hadamengou gold deposit    alteration anomaly    comprehensive processing method    ore-controlling structure    peripheral prospecting
收稿日期: 2022-03-07      出版日期: 2023-03-20
ZTFLH:  TP79  
基金资助:中国地质调查局地质调查项目“内蒙古哈达门沟金矿岩金普查”(DD20191017);“河西走廊—阿尔金盆山结合带深部地质调查”(20221643-5);及国家自然科学基金项目“内蒙古中东部毛登—前进场早石炭世强过铝花岗岩带地球化学成因及其构造意义”(41702054)
通讯作者: 杨彪(1988-),男,工程师,博士,主要从事矿产勘查。Email: yangbiao_c@aliyun.com。
作者简介: 徐大兴(1996-),男,博士研究生,构造地质学专业。Email: xudax@stu.pku.edu.cn。
引用本文:   
徐大兴, 杨彪, 邵兆刚, 柳长峰, 王达, 王建平. 哈达门沟金矿蚀变分带的高光谱分析及找矿意义[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2023, 35(1): 123-131.
XU Daxing, YANG Biao, SHAO Zhaogang, LIU Changfeng, WANG Da, WANG Jianping. A hyperspectral analysis of alteration zoning in the Hadamengou gold deposit and its significance for ore prospecting. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2023, 35(1): 123-131.
链接本文:  
https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2022072      或      https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2023/V35/I1/123
Fig.1  哈达门沟矿区位置及地质简图(据徐大兴[15]修改)
传感器 光谱波段 波长范围/μm 空间分辨率/m
Landsat8 OLI B1 Coastal 0.43~0.45 30
B2 Bule 0.45~0.51 30
B3 Green 0.53~0.59 30
B4 Red 0.64~0.67 30
B5 NIR 0.85~0.88 30
B6 SWIR 1 1.57~1.65 30
B7 SWIR2 2.11~2.29 30
ASTER B1 Green 0.52~0.60 15
B2 Red 0.63~0.69 15
B3N NIR 0.78~0.86 15
B4 SWIR1 1.60~1.70 30
B5 SWIR2 2.145~2.185 30
B6 SWIR3 2.185~2.225 30
B7 SWIR4 2.235~2.285 30
B8 SWIR5 2.295~2.365 30
B9 SWIR6 2.360~2.430 30
WorldView-3 B1 Coastal 0.40~0.45 1.24
B2 Blue 0.45~0.51 1.24
B3 Green 0.51~0.58 1.24
B5 Red 0.63~0.69 1.24
B6 Red Edge 0.705~0.745 1.24
B7 VNIR1 0.770~0.895 1.24
B9 SWIR1 1.195~1.225 7.5
B10 SWIR2 1.550~1.590 7.5
B13 SWIR5 2.145~2.185 7.5
B14 SWIR6 2.185~2.225 7.5
B15 SWIR7 2.235~2.285 7.5
B16 SWIR8 2.295~2.365 7.5
Tab.1  Landsat8 OLI、WorldView-3和ASTER遥感影像数据特征参数对比
Fig.2  哈达门沟金矿区蚀变矿物光谱反射率曲线
Fig.3  遥感数据实验处理流程图
Landsat8 OLI铁染蚀变异常
主分量 B1 B3 B4 B5
PC1 0.491 747 0.596 503 0.505 663 0.495 927
PC2 0.749 143 0.083 068 -0.196 777 -0.627 027
PC3 0.417 337 -0.491 333 -0.489 557 0.587 159
PC4 -0.150 995 0.703 666 -0.682 582 0.127 031
ASTER羟基蚀变异常
主分量 B5 B7 B8 B9
PC1 0.485 702 0.542 789 0.517 743 0.448 793
PC2 0.477 404 0.355 001 -0.132 887 -0.792 717
PC3 0.718 932 -0.489 810 -0.404 945 0.281 500
PC4 -0.138 982 0.582 614 -0.741 824 0.301 567
ASTER碳酸盐化蚀变异常
主分量 B5 B6 B8 Band9
PC1 0.496 935 0.512 477 0.529 086 0.458 793
PC2 0.435 960 0.458 340 -0.206 005 -0.746 609
PC3 0.674 196 -0.368 475 -0.554 123 0.320 366
PC4 -0.329 323 0.625 714 -0.608 752 0.459 792
Tab.2  哈达门沟金矿Fe3+、OH-、 CO 3 2 -蚀变特征矩阵模型
Landsat8 OLI铁染蚀变分级
图像亮
度值		 最小值 最大值 平均值(X) 标准差(δ)
-127.919 731 139.990 753 -0.110 923 21.576 088
异常统
计值		 统计值 应用值
X+1.5δ 32.253 209
X+2.0δ 43.041 253
X+2.5δ 53.829 297
ASTER羟基蚀变异常分级
图像亮
度值		 最小值 最大值 平均值(X) 标准差(δ)
-69.988 426 70.972 389 0.093 647 21.090 162
异常统
计值		 统计值 应用值
X+1.5δ 31.728 890
X+2.0δ 42.273 971
X+2.5δ 52.819 052
ASTER碳酸盐化分级
图像
亮度值		 最小值 最大值 平均值(X) 标准差(δ)
-95.791 901 99.937 935 -0.027 181 25.156 812
异常
统计值		 统计值 应用值
X+1.5δ 37.708 037
X+2.0δ 50.286 443
X+2.5δ 62.864 849
Tab.3  哈达门沟金矿Fe3+,OH-, CO 3 2 -蚀变异常分级统计信息
Fig.4  哈达门沟金矿铁染、羟基、碳酸盐化蚀变异常分布图
(底图为北京二号遥感影像)
主分量 铁染蚀变异常
B3 B6 B9 B11
PC1 0.004 139 0.004 708 0.703 261 0.710 904
PC2 0.042 929 0.005 467 -0.710 395 -0.702 471
PC3 -0.706 442 0.703 310 0.009 631 -0.078 749
PC4 0.008 635 0.096 663 -0.708 294 0.699 214
主分量 羟基蚀变异常
B1 B7 B11 B16
PC1 -0.234 232 -0.297 356 -0.671 890 -0.636 615
PC2 0.667 832 -0.638 428 -0.216 309 -0.315 626
PC3 -0.706 442 0.703 310 0.009 631 -0.078 749
PC4 0.008 635 -0.096 663 -0.708 294 0.699 214
主分量 碳酸盐化蚀变异常
B1 B7 B14 B16
PC1 0.000 654 -0.001 290 -0.707 102 -0.707 110
PC2 -0.286 312 -0.888 022 -0.253 727 0.255 079
PC3 0.082 120 -0.351 374 -0.659 753 0.659 180
PC4 0.954 610 -0.296 567 -0.018 860 0.020 283
Tab.4  Worldview-3主成分分析矩阵模型
Fig.5  哈达门沟金矿铁染、羟基蚀变异常分布图
(底图为WorldView-3遥感影像)
Fig.6  哈达门沟金矿野外露头实地验证图
Fig.7  哈达门沟金矿地质遥感解译图
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