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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2021, Vol. 33 Issue (4) : 252-257     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2021017
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Recognition of the spatial scopes of tailing ponds based on U-Net and GF-6 images
ZHANG Chengye1,2(), XING Jianghe1, LI Jun1,2(), SANG Xiao1
1. College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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Abstract  

It is of great significance for the monitoring and supervision of tailing ponds in China to realize the rapid recognition of the spatial scopes of tailing ponds using the remote sensing technique. Based on the U-Net framework, this paper proposes a deep learning-based intelligent recognition method of the spatial ranges of tailing ponds using the remote sensing technique. The method proposed was verified in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province using Chinese GF-6 satellite images. The results show that the precision, recall rate, and F1-score of the method were 0.874, 0.843, and 0.858, respectively, which were significantly better than those obtained using the methods of random forest, support vector machine, and maximum likelihood. Furthermore, the time consumption of the new method kept the same order of magnitude as that of the three methods. Therefore, the method proposed in this study has a broad application prospect in the rapid monitoring of the spatial scopes of tailing ponds in China.
Keywords deep neural network      GF-6 satellite      tailing pond      recognition based on remote sensing images     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Corresponding Authors: LI Jun     E-mail: czhang@cumtb.edu.cn;junli@cumtb.edu.cn
Issue Date: 23 December 2021
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Chengye ZHANG
Jianghe XING
Jun LI
Xiao SANG
Cite this article:   
Chengye ZHANG,Jianghe XING,Jun LI, et al. Recognition of the spatial scopes of tailing ponds based on U-Net and GF-6 images[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2021, 33(4): 252-257.
URL:  
https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2021017     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2021/V33/I4/252
Fig.1  The location and GF-6 remotely-sensed image combined with B3(R),B2(G), B1(B) of the study area
波段名称 波长/nm 空间分辨率/m 幅宽/km
全色波段 450~900 2 90
多光谱波段 蓝 450~520 8 90
绿 520~590 8 90
红 630~690 8 90
近红外 770~890 8 90
Tab.1  The details of the panchromatic and multispectral images acquired by GF-6
Fig.2  The technical roadmap of this paper
Fig.3  Examples of the tailing ponds in the study area
Fig.4  Network structure of spatial range recognition of tailing ponds using GF-6 satellite image
分类器 参数设置
深度学习网络 学习率: 0.000 01,学习率衰减方式: CosineAnnealingLR,优化器: Adam
随机森林 决策树个数: 100,决策树最大深度: 15
支持向量机 惩罚系数: 100,核函数: poly,正则化参数: L2正则化
最大似然法 高斯贝叶斯分类器
Tab.2  Parameter setting of four recognition algorithms
Fig.5  The result of recognition of tailing ponds and the real boundary as reference
方法 真实结果/
像元		 识别结果/像元 Precision Recall F1-
score
尾矿库 非尾矿库
本文方法 尾矿库 384 533 71 585 0.874 0.843 0.858
非尾矿库 55 402 15 217 120
随机森林 尾矿库 363 962 92 156 0.815 0.798 0.806
非尾矿库 82 570 15 189 952
支持向量机 尾矿库 330 776 125 342 0.805 0.725 0.763
非尾矿库 79 948 15 192 574
最大似然法 尾矿库 312 467 143 651 0.794 0.685 0.735
非尾矿库 80 981 15 191 541
Tab.3  The comparision of the accuracy of different methods
类别 配置
CPU Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold5118 CPU @2.30 GHz
显卡 NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti
RAM 32 GB
操作系统 Windows10
Tab.4  Details about computer configuration
方法 运行时间/s
本文方法 20
随机森林 35
支持向量机 65
最大似然法 13
Tab.5  Run time of different methods
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