精河流域绿洲“冷岛效应”时空格局遥感研究

doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2020.03.14

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摘要

绿洲“冷岛效应”对干旱地区绿洲节水和农业发展具有明显的生态意义。选取既是国家重点开发区域又是绿洲典型生态脆弱区的新疆精河流域绿洲为对象,基于地表温度进行了绿洲“冷岛效应”研究,结果表明: 自1990年以来的近26 a间精河流域绿洲“冷岛效应”呈现不断增强趋势,次热岛减幅较大。相对而言,1990年研究区绿洲“冷岛效应”不很明显,但随着研究区人类活动不断增强,尤其是 2000年以来耕地、草地、水体占比的不断增加,进一步提升了绿洲“冷岛效应”。N-S和W-E剖面线分析表明,绿洲“冷岛效应”的影响范围在南北向上占据了主导。研究区绿洲“冷岛效应”增强与年降水量增多有较一致的响应,地表植被覆盖度对绿洲“冷岛效应”的影响显著。

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	毋兆鹏
	牛苏娟
	毛敏
	月热买提汗·艾买提
	张金燕

关键词 ：冷岛效应, 时空格局, 绿洲, 精河流域

Abstract：

“Cold island effect” has obvious ecological significance to oasis water saving and agricultural development in arid areas. In this paper, the “cold island effect” of oasis was studied based on oasis surface temperature in Jinghe basin, which is both a national key development area and a typical ecologically fragile oasis in Xinjiang. The results are as follows: ① In the past 26 years, there was a great decrease of sub-heat island in Jinghe basin, and the oasis cold island effect showed an increasing trend; ② Relatively,the cold island effect of oasis in the research area was not obvious in 1990,but, with the increasing human activities, especially the increasing proportion of cultivated land, grassland and water since 2000, the cold island effect of oasis was more significant than the heat island effect in the study area. ③ The N-S and W-E trending profile analysis shows that the influence range of oasis cold island effect is dominated in the north-south direction; ④ The enhancement of oasis effect in the study area has a relatively consistent response with the increase of annual precipitation and temperature change,and the surface vegetation coverage is the main influencing factor of oasis cold island effect.

Key words： cold island effect spatial and temporal pattern oasis Jinghe River basin

收稿日期: 2019-08-26 出版日期: 2020-10-09

TP79

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目“新疆艾比湖流域潜在土地利用冲突动态演变及建模研究”(41761113);新疆师范大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目“精河流域土地利用/覆盖变化及驱动力分析”(201810762006)

作者简介: 毋兆鹏(1976-),男,博士,教授,主要从事3S技术与绿洲资源开发研究。Email: wuzhaopengxj@sina.com。

引用本文:

毋兆鹏, 牛苏娟, 毛敏, 月热买提汗·艾买提, 张金燕. 精河流域绿洲“冷岛效应”时空格局遥感研究[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2020, 32(3): 106-113.
WU Zhaopeng, NIU Sujuan, MAO Min, Yurimatih Amat, ZHANG Jinyan. Remote sensing research on the spatial-temporal pattern of “cold island effect” of oasis in Jinghe River basin. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2020, 32(3): 106-113.

链接本文:

https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/gtzyyg.2020.03.14 或 https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2020/V32/I3/106

Fig.1 研究区位置图

Tab.1 研究区冷岛强度分级

Fig.2 精度检验结果

Fig.3 研究区地表温度分布

Fig.4 研究区冷岛强度分布

Tab.2 研究区不同时期冷岛强度变化表

Tab.3 研究区土地利用类型的地表温度平均值和标准差

Fig.5 研究区冷岛强度指标剖面图

Fig.6 研究区年降水量及径流量变化

Tab.4 冷岛效应与NDVI相关分析

Fig.7 研究区冷岛效应与NDVI散点图

Fig.8 研究区土地利用分类图

Tab.5 1990—2016年研究区土地利用类型变化

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