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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2023, Vol. 35 Issue (1) : 123-131     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2022072
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A hyperspectral analysis of alteration zoning in the Hadamengou gold deposit and its significance for ore prospecting
XU Daxing1,2(), YANG Biao3,4(), SHAO Zhaogang1, LIU Changfeng5, WANG Da6, WANG Jianping6
1. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
2. School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University,Beijing 100871, China
3. Hohhot Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center, Hohhot 010010, China
4. School of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
5. School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
6. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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Abstract  

The Hadamengou gold deposit in Baotou City, Inner Mongolia is an important large gold deposit in the Wulashan-Daqingshan metallogenic belt, with great prospecting potential. To give full play to remote sensing technology in geological prospecting, this study extracted the mineralization alteration information of the Hadamengou gold deposit from remote sensing data of different satellites. Based on the spectral characteristics of alteration minerals in the mining area, this study proposed a comprehensive processing method that extracted iron staining information from the Landsat8 OLI and WorldView-3 data, hydroxyl information from the ASTER and WorldView-3 data, and carbonation information from the ASTER data through principal component analysis. As a result, two alteration zones were delineated based on the distribution patterns of alteration anomalies and the geological map analysis of the mining area. By combining the study results of the ore-controlling structures, it is believed that the metallogenic hydrothermal processes of the Hadamengou gold deposit were closely related to structures. This study can provide a reference for the prospecting for the same type of gold deposits in the Wulashan-Daqingshan metallogenic belt and can guide the peripheral prospecting of the Hadamengou gold deposit.
Keywords Hadamengou gold deposit      alteration anomaly      comprehensive processing method      ore-controlling structure      peripheral prospecting     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Issue Date: 20 March 2023
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Daxing XU
Biao YANG
Zhaogang SHAO
Changfeng LIU
Da WANG
Jianping WANG
Cite this article:   
Daxing XU,Biao YANG,Zhaogang SHAO, et al. A hyperspectral analysis of alteration zoning in the Hadamengou gold deposit and its significance for ore prospecting[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2023, 35(1): 123-131.
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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2022072     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2023/V35/I1/123
Fig.1  Location map and geological sketch of the Hadamenggou mining area (modified on the basis of Xu[15])
传感器 光谱波段 波长范围/μm 空间分辨率/m
Landsat8 OLI B1 Coastal 0.43~0.45 30
B2 Bule 0.45~0.51 30
B3 Green 0.53~0.59 30
B4 Red 0.64~0.67 30
B5 NIR 0.85~0.88 30
B6 SWIR 1 1.57~1.65 30
B7 SWIR2 2.11~2.29 30
ASTER B1 Green 0.52~0.60 15
B2 Red 0.63~0.69 15
B3N NIR 0.78~0.86 15
B4 SWIR1 1.60~1.70 30
B5 SWIR2 2.145~2.185 30
B6 SWIR3 2.185~2.225 30
B7 SWIR4 2.235~2.285 30
B8 SWIR5 2.295~2.365 30
B9 SWIR6 2.360~2.430 30
WorldView-3 B1 Coastal 0.40~0.45 1.24
B2 Blue 0.45~0.51 1.24
B3 Green 0.51~0.58 1.24
B5 Red 0.63~0.69 1.24
B6 Red Edge 0.705~0.745 1.24
B7 VNIR1 0.770~0.895 1.24
B9 SWIR1 1.195~1.225 7.5
B10 SWIR2 1.550~1.590 7.5
B13 SWIR5 2.145~2.185 7.5
B14 SWIR6 2.185~2.225 7.5
B15 SWIR7 2.235~2.285 7.5
B16 SWIR8 2.295~2.365 7.5
Tab.1  Comparison of feature parameters of Landsat8 OLI, WorldView-3 and ASTER remote sensing image data
Fig.2  Spectral reflectance curve of altered minerals in the Hadamengou gold mining area
Fig.3  Experimental processing flow chart of remote sensing data
Landsat8 OLI铁染蚀变异常
主分量 B1 B3 B4 B5
PC1 0.491 747 0.596 503 0.505 663 0.495 927
PC2 0.749 143 0.083 068 -0.196 777 -0.627 027
PC3 0.417 337 -0.491 333 -0.489 557 0.587 159
PC4 -0.150 995 0.703 666 -0.682 582 0.127 031
ASTER羟基蚀变异常
主分量 B5 B7 B8 B9
PC1 0.485 702 0.542 789 0.517 743 0.448 793
PC2 0.477 404 0.355 001 -0.132 887 -0.792 717
PC3 0.718 932 -0.489 810 -0.404 945 0.281 500
PC4 -0.138 982 0.582 614 -0.741 824 0.301 567
ASTER碳酸盐化蚀变异常
主分量 B5 B6 B8 Band9
PC1 0.496 935 0.512 477 0.529 086 0.458 793
PC2 0.435 960 0.458 340 -0.206 005 -0.746 609
PC3 0.674 196 -0.368 475 -0.554 123 0.320 366
PC4 -0.329 323 0.625 714 -0.608 752 0.459 792
Tab.2  Fe3+, OH-, CO 3 2 - alteration characteristic matrix model of the Hadamengou gold deposit
Landsat8 OLI铁染蚀变分级
图像亮
度值		 最小值 最大值 平均值(X) 标准差(δ)
-127.919 731 139.990 753 -0.110 923 21.576 088
异常统
计值		 统计值 应用值
X+1.5δ 32.253 209
X+2.0δ 43.041 253
X+2.5δ 53.829 297
ASTER羟基蚀变异常分级
图像亮
度值		 最小值 最大值 平均值(X) 标准差(δ)
-69.988 426 70.972 389 0.093 647 21.090 162
异常统
计值		 统计值 应用值
X+1.5δ 31.728 890
X+2.0δ 42.273 971
X+2.5δ 52.819 052
ASTER碳酸盐化分级
图像
亮度值		 最小值 最大值 平均值(X) 标准差(δ)
-95.791 901 99.937 935 -0.027 181 25.156 812
异常
统计值		 统计值 应用值
X+1.5δ 37.708 037
X+2.0δ 50.286 443
X+2.5δ 62.864 849
Tab.3  Classification statistics of Fe3+, OH-, CO 3 2 - ?alteration anomaly in the hadamengou gold deposit
Fig.4  Anomaly distribution of iron staining, hydroxyl and carbonation alteration in Hadamengou gold deposit
主分量 铁染蚀变异常
B3 B6 B9 B11
PC1 0.004 139 0.004 708 0.703 261 0.710 904
PC2 0.042 929 0.005 467 -0.710 395 -0.702 471
PC3 -0.706 442 0.703 310 0.009 631 -0.078 749
PC4 0.008 635 0.096 663 -0.708 294 0.699 214
主分量 羟基蚀变异常
B1 B7 B11 B16
PC1 -0.234 232 -0.297 356 -0.671 890 -0.636 615
PC2 0.667 832 -0.638 428 -0.216 309 -0.315 626
PC3 -0.706 442 0.703 310 0.009 631 -0.078 749
PC4 0.008 635 -0.096 663 -0.708 294 0.699 214
主分量 碳酸盐化蚀变异常
B1 B7 B14 B16
PC1 0.000 654 -0.001 290 -0.707 102 -0.707 110
PC2 -0.286 312 -0.888 022 -0.253 727 0.255 079
PC3 0.082 120 -0.351 374 -0.659 753 0.659 180
PC4 0.954 610 -0.296 567 -0.018 860 0.020 283
Tab.4  WorldView-3 Principal component analysis matrix model
Fig.5  Anomaly distribution map of iron contamination and hydroxyl alteration in Hadamengou gold deposit
Fig.6  Field verification of the Hadamenggou gold mine outcrop
Fig.7  Geological remote sensing interpretation map of the Hadamenggou gold mine
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