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自然资源遥感  2023, Vol. 35 Issue (2): 132-139    DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2022134
  技术方法 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
基于多源地理大数据的城市多中心识别方法
吕永强1(), 于新伟1, 杨朔1, 郑新奇2()
1.山东建筑大学测绘地理信息学院,济南 250101
2.中国地质大学(北京)信息工程学院,北京 100083
Identification of the polycentric urban structure based on multi-source geographic big data
LYU Yongqiang1(), YU Xinwei1, YANG Shuo1, ZHENG Xinqi2()
1. School of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
2. School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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摘要 

地理大数据的出现为城市空间结构研究提供了新的数据源,如何利用地理大数据识别城市多中心空间结构是目前学术界研究热点。文章提出了一种基于多源地理大数据的城市多中心识别方法,使用基于分水岭的区域分割算法获取研究区内部空间单元,使用两阶段城市中心识别算法识别了城市的主中心与次中心,并对所提方法的识别结果进行了对比验证,研究结果表明: ①基于分水岭的区域分割算法可以有效地挖掘夜间灯光数据的空间特征,获取的基础空间单元可适用于识别城市空间结构; ②微博签到数据可以较好地反映城市人类活动,基于微博签到数据与两阶段城市中心识别方法获取的城市中心与城市规划设定的城市中心基本吻合。文章提出的应用地理大数据识别城市多中心的方法,对拓展地理大数据的应用领域、丰富现有城市空间结构研究的方法具有重要意义。

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吕永强
于新伟
杨朔
郑新奇
关键词 夜间灯光微博签到分水岭算法空间单元多中心结构    
Abstract

The emergence of geographic big data provides a new data source for the study of urban spatial structures. Identifying the polycentric urban structure based on geographic big data is currently a hot research topic in academic communities. This study proposed a method for identifying the polycentric urban structure based on multi-source geographic big data. First, the spatial units in the study area were determined using a region segmentation algorithm based on drainage divides. Then, the urban centers and subcenters were identified using the two-stage algorithm for urban center identification. Finally, the identification results were compared and verified. The results of this study are as follows: ① The region segmentation algorithm based on drainage divides can effectively identify the spatial features of nighttime light data, and the basic spatial units acquired using this algorithm can be used to identify urban spatial structures; ② The urban centers identified based on the Weibo (MicroBlog) check-in data, which can effectively reflect urban human activities, and the two-stage algorithm for urban center identification are roughly consistent with those set in the urban planning. Therefore, the method proposed in this study is of great significance for expanding the application scope of geographic big data and enriching the existing research methods for urban spatial structures.

Key wordsnighttime lighting    Weibo check-in    watershed algorithm    spatial unit    polycentric structure
收稿日期: 2022-04-06      出版日期: 2023-07-07
ZTFLH:  TP79  
  TU984.2  
基金资助:山东省自然科学基金青年项目“基于多源数据的中国城市多中心空间结构时空演化特征及其影响因素研究”(ZR2020QD021)
通讯作者: 郑新奇(1963-),男,博士,教授。研究方向为地理信息科学与技术、复杂系统仿真建模与决策支持。Email: zxqsd@126.com
作者简介: 吕永强(1989-),男,博士,讲师。研究方向为GIS空间分析与建模。Email: lvyongqiang19@sdjzu.edu.cn
引用本文:   
吕永强, 于新伟, 杨朔, 郑新奇. 基于多源地理大数据的城市多中心识别方法[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2023, 35(2): 132-139.
LYU Yongqiang, YU Xinwei, YANG Shuo, ZHENG Xinqi. Identification of the polycentric urban structure based on multi-source geographic big data. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2023, 35(2): 132-139.
链接本文:  
https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2022134      或      https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2023/V35/I2/132
Fig.1  研究区示意图
Fig.2  基于分水岭的区域分割算法示意图
Fig.3  基于分水岭的区域分割算法结果
指标 统计值 北京市 上海市 重庆市
研究区面积/km2 总和 12 186.12 5 448.06 28 657.55
数量/个 总和 1 192 775 1 706
空间单元面积/km2 最大值 98.25 38.00 124.13
平均值 10.22 7.03 16.80
标准差 10.45 4.87 14.67
微博签到点数量/个 总和 20 789 250 16 755 584 3 210 651
平均值 17 440.65 21 620.11 1 881.98
n% 45 595.23 40 933.59 17 918.29
微博签到
点密度/
(个·km-2)
最大值 101 688.70 151 953.60 30 356.67
平均值 2 420.88 3 750.26 1 767.62
Tab.1  城市空间单元统计
Fig.4  两阶段法城市中心识别结果
指标 统计值 北京市 上海市 重庆市
中心数量/个 全市 17 11 12
微博签到点数/个 全市 20 789 250 16 755 584 3 210 651
所有中心 17 418 001 14 452 674 2 931 382
主中心 15 033 714 12 543 156 2 347 317
微博签到点比重/% 所有中心/全市 83.78 86.26 91.30
主中心/全部中心 86.31 86.79 80.08
Tab.2  城市中心指标统计
城市 单元平
均面积/
km2
参考文献 城市 单元平
均面积/
km2
参考文献
北京 38.14 孙铁山等[13] 巴塞罗那 19.51 Garcia-López
[41]
上海 26.48 魏旭红等[37] 首尔 12.64 Nam等[42]
广州 44.47 蒋丽等[38] 芝加哥 1.09 McMillen[28]
深圳 44.51 曾海宏等[39] 达拉斯 2.72 McMillen[28]
洛杉矶 4.68 Pereira等[40] 休斯顿 6.73 McMillen[28]
匹兹堡 19.19 Pereira等[40] 洛杉矶 4.51 McMillen[28]
圣保罗 20.45 Pereira等[40] 新奥尔良 14.61 McMillen[28]
巴黎 9.28 Pereira等[40] 旧金山 3.65 McMillen[28]
Tab.3  不同研究中选取的空间单元平均面积
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