高原山地区域生态脆弱性研究——以四川省康定市为例

doi:10.6046/zrzyyg.2023086

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摘要

该文基于“暴露度-敏感性-适应性”(vulnerabiliy-scoping-diagram,VSD)模型构建生态脆弱性评价指标体系,利用层次分析-主成分熵权法对康定市2011—2019年共3期数据进行生态脆弱性动态评价,通过时空变化特征分析、空间相关性分析、驱动力分析揭示其时空分异特征以及驱动机制,以期为康定市生态环境的修复、保护和可持续发展提供建议。结果表明:①在整个研究期间脆弱性以潜在脆弱和微度脆弱面积增加、重度脆弱面积减少为主要的变化趋势,整体属于中度脆弱,生态环境变化趋势向好,且具有西部、东南部高-高聚集,中部及东北部低-低聚集的空间分布特征; ②康定市生态脆弱性空间分布特征由内外多种因素共同作用决定,其中植被状况、生物丰贫程度、水土保持条件、气象等自然驱动力起到主导作用。

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	苏悦
	刘洪
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	张景华
	张腾蛟
	黄勇

关键词 ：生态脆弱性, AHP-PCA熵权法, 莫兰指数, 地理探测器, 康定市

Abstract：

This study constructed an assessment index system for ecological vulnerability based on the vulnerability scoping diagram (VSD) model. It dynamically assessed the three-phase ecological vulnerability of Kangding City from 2011 to 2019 using the analytic hierarchy process - principal component analysis - entropy weight method (AHP-PCA-EWM). Through the analysis of spatio-temporal variations, spatial correlations, and driving factors, it revealed the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics and driving mechanism of Kangding’s ecological vulnerability, aiming to provide suggestions for the ecological restoration, conservation, and sustainable development of Kangding. The results of this study are as follows: ① Throughout the study period, Kangding exhibited an overall moderate ecological vulnerability, with increased potentially- and slightly-vulnerable areas and a decreased severely vulnerable area, suggesting a promising ecological evolutionary trend. Moreover, the ecological vulnerability of Kangding manifested spatial distributions characterized by high-high clusters in the western and southeastern portions and low-low clusters in the northeastern and middle portion; ② The spatial distributions of ecological vulnerability in Kangding were subjected to various internal and external factors, with natural driving factors like vegetation cover, biological abundance, soil and water conservation, and meteorology being the dominant ones.

Key words： ecological vulnerability AHP-PCA-EWM Moran’s I geodetector Kangding City

收稿日期: 2022-06-10 出版日期: 2024-09-03

ZTFLH:

TP79

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目“川西高原植被生水(层)及水分胁迫状况遥感动态监测方法”(41671432);中国地质调查项目“长江流域重点区生态地质调查”(GC20230706);“三峡库区生态地质调查与综合评价”(DD20221776);宁夏自治区地质调查项目“宁夏生态地质调查示范(南部水源涵养区)”(NXCZ20220201)

通讯作者: 刘洪(1987-),男,博士,高级工程师,硕士生导师,主要从事矿床学、岩石学、生态地质学研究和自然资源综合调查研究。Email: liuh@mail.cgs.gov.cn。

作者简介: 苏悦(1996-),女,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事生态地质研究。Email: ssueyyue123@163.com。

引用本文:

苏悦, 刘洪, 杨武年, 欧阳渊, 张景华, 张腾蛟, 黄勇. 高原山地区域生态脆弱性研究——以四川省康定市为例[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2024, 36(3): 206-215.
SU Yue, LIU Hong, YANG Wunian, OUYANG Yuan, ZHANG Jinghua, ZHANG Tengjiao, HUANG Yong. Ecological vulnerability of highland mountain areas:A case study of Kangding City, Sichuan Province. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2024, 36(3): 206-215.

链接本文:

https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2023086 或 https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2024/V36/I3/206

Fig.1 研究区地理位置

Tab.1 数据来源及预处理

Tab.2 生态脆弱性评价指标体系

Tab.3 2011年、2015年、2019年各评价指标权重

依据	交互作用
$q (x 1 ? x 2) < m i n (q (x 1), q (x 2)$	非线性减弱
$m i n (q (x 1), q (x 2)) < q (x 1 ? x 2) < m a x (q (x 1), q (x 2))$	单因子非线性减弱
$q (x 1 ? x 2) > m a x (q (x 1), q (x 2)$	双因子增强
$q (x 1 ? x 2) = q (x 1) + q (x 2)$	独立
$q (x 1 ? x 2) > q (x 1) + q (x 2)$	非线性增强

Tab.4 交互作用关系

Fig.2 康定市生态脆弱性评价分级结果

Tab.5 康定市3期脆弱性区域面积统计表

Tab.6 全局莫兰指数

Fig.3 康定市3期生态脆弱性LISA聚类图

Fig.4 康定市生态脆弱性驱动因子q值统计

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