甘肃金川矿区地表三维形变InSAR监测

doi:10.6046/zrzyyg.2021107

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摘要

金川矿区是我国最大的镍矿生产基地,2018年提出复采计划以来,对该矿区地表形变的监测还是空白。该文基于3个轨道(升轨128、降轨33和135)的Sentinel-1A数据,利用小基线集雷达干涉 (small baseline subset InSAR,SBAS-InSAR)和结合先验条件的最小二乘迭代法获得金川矿区2018—2020年的地表三维分量形变速率和时序形变量,并使用水准实测数据对垂直向累计形变值进行验证。结果表明: 金川矿区在3个开采区(龙首矿、西二矿、东三矿)形成了3个大面积的形变区域,主要表现为地表沉降,其中最大垂直向形变量和形变速率发生在西二矿区,分别为-408.9 mm和-162.8 mm/a。龙首矿区西南和东北边坡向矿脉处收缩,西二矿区和东三矿区形成的形变区域位移方向相似,均为沉降漏斗东西两侧向矿脉处收缩。金川矿区地表形变与人机采动、地质断层以及岩性构造紧密相关,其中人机采动是地表形变的主要原因,断层和岩性构造是地表形变的控制性因素。研究结果为金川矿区安全生产和开采规划提供理论支撑。

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关键词 ：形变监测, SBAS-InSAR, 三维分解, 金川矿区

Abstract：

The Jinchuan mining area is the largest nickel production base in China. However, the surface deformation in the mining area has not been monitored since 2018 when the plan for restoring mining was proposed. Based on the Sentinel-1A data of three orbits (ascending orbit 128 and descending orbits 33 and 135), this study obtained the 3D surface deformation rates and time-series displacement by applying the small baseline subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) and the least-squares iterative method combining prior conditions. The results are as follows. Three large deformation areas have formed in three mining areas (i.e., the Longshou, Xi’er, and Dongsan mines). The deformation in these areas is primarily present as surface subsidence, with the maximum vertical subsidence and subsidence rate (i.e., -408.9 mm and -162.8 mm/a, respectively) occurring in the Xi’er Mine. For the Longshou Mine, the southwestern and northeastern slopes contract toward ore veins. For the Xi’er and Dongsan mines, the deformation areas show similar displacement directions, that is, the eastern and western sides of subsidence funnels contract toward ore veins. The surface deformation in the Jinchuan mining area is closely related to man-machine mining, geological faults, and lithologic structures. Among them, man-machine mining is the main cause for the surface deformation, while faults and lithologic structures serve as the controlling factors of the surface deformation. The results of this study will provide theoretical support for safe production and mining planning in the Jinchuan mining area.

Key words： deformation monitoring SBAS-InSAR 3D decomposition Jinchuan mining area

收稿日期: 2021-04-13 出版日期: 2022-03-14

ZTFLH:

TP79

基金资助:甘肃省自然科学基金项目“联合InSAR与地基测量的兰州市主城区边坡形变监测研究”编号(2019M660092XB);甘肃省青年科学基金项目“基于多轨InSAR技术的城市地面沉降与土地利用演变关系——以兰州新区为例”共同资助编号(20JR10RA272)

通讯作者: 何毅

作者简介: 杨旺(1996-),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为InSAR技术应用。Email: 947258095@qq.com。

引用本文:

杨旺, 何毅, 张立峰, 王文辉, 陈有东, 陈毅. 甘肃金川矿区地表三维形变InSAR监测[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2022, 34(1): 177-188.
YANG Wang, HE Yi, ZHANG Lifeng, WANG Wenhui, CHEN Youdong, CHEN Yi. InSAR monitoring of 3D surface deformation in Jinchuan mining area, Gansu Province. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2022, 34(1): 177-188.

链接本文:

https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2021107 或 https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2022/V34/I1/177

Fig.1 金川矿区地理位置和Sentinel-1A影像覆盖范围

Tab.1 Sentinel-1A影像参数

Fig.2 SBAS-InSAR处理流程

Fig.3-1 不同轨道时空基线

Fig.3-2 不同轨道时空基线

Fig.4 SAR卫星飞行方向和地表形变三维几何关系

Fig.5 金川矿区三维形变速率

Fig.6-1 金川矿区地表三维累积形变

Fig.6-2 金川矿区地表三维累积形变

Fig.7 金川矿区垂向形变时序剖面图形变区及剖面线位置

Fig.8 测试点形变曲线

Fig.9 不同轨道形变速率相关性密度散点图

Fig.10 垂向分解结果与水准数据的验证

Fig.11 2019年金川矿区三维形变速率对比验证

Tab.2 垂直向形变速率对比验证

Fig.12 金川矿区地质构造与累积形变叠加简图^[23]

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