岩溶槽谷流域生态环境质量的遥感评定

doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2020.03.23

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摘要

生态环境变化关系着社会发展,对六池河流域生态环境进行遥感评价,可为岩溶槽谷流域生态文明建设及岩溶石漠化治理提供参考。采用2000年、2010年和2017年3期Landsat系列遥感影像和DEM数据,提取植被盖度、裸土植被指数、坡度指数、湿度指数和热度指数,构建生态环境评价模型。采用空间自相关等方法,揭示乡镇尺度生态环境时空分异特征。研究得出: 2000—2017年间六池河流域生态环境质量总体呈快速修复态势,但县域生态环境质量差别明显; 2000—2017年间不同乡镇生态环境质量差异显著,县域中心镇、流域下游乡镇生态改善较慢,中南部地区部分乡镇生态改善明显; 2000—2017年间乡镇生态环境质量存在正空间集聚,且多年以高—高、低—低聚集为主; 乡镇生态环境质量趋势分析中,流域东南是生态环境质量低值带,北部乡镇高值带分布较多。

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	应奎
	李旭东
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关键词 ：生态环境质量, 遥感评定, 空间自相关, 岩溶槽谷, 流域

Abstract：

The ecological environment changes are related to social development. This paper analyzes the dynamic changes of the ecological environment quality of the Liuchi River Basin in Guizhou, in the hope of providing some reference that can promote the ecological civilization construction and environmental restoration of the watershed in the karst trough. The authors used remote sensing images which were from June to August, 2000, 2010 and 2017 Landsat satellites and GDEMDEM (30 m) data to extract vegetation cover, soil index, slope index, humidity and temperature index which served as the basis for constructing an ecological environment assessment model. In addition, spatial auto-correlation method was adopted to reveal the ecological environment that had different spatial and temporal characteristics in township scale. Some conclusions have been reached: ① From 2000 to 2017, the ecological environment quality showed a rapid restoration trend in the Liuchi River basin, but it varied differently in different counties. ② The quality of ecological environment showed significant differences in different towns. Meanwhile, the ecological improvement was slower in the county town and downstream towns, and was improved obviously in some towns of the central and southern area. ③ The ecological environment quality of towns had significant positive spatial agglomeration characteristics, and were dominated by high-high and low-low concentration in most years. In the trend analysis of towns’ ecological environment quality, the southeast basin was always the low-value zone, and the high-value zone is mainly distributed in the northern townships.

Key words： ecological environment quality remote sensing assessment spatial auto-correlation karst trough basin

收稿日期: 2019-11-06 出版日期: 2020-10-09

TP75

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目“西南山地流域城市化与生态环境的耦合关系研究——以贵州乌江流域为例”(41261039);中国清洁机制发展基金项目“贵州省应对气候变化‘十三五’规划思路研究”(2014015)

通讯作者: 李旭东

作者简介: 应奎(1995-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为资源利用与低碳发展。Email: gzyingkui@126.com。

引用本文:

应奎, 李旭东, 程东亚. 岩溶槽谷流域生态环境质量的遥感评定[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2020, 32(3): 173-182.
YING Kui, LI Xudong, CHENG Dongya. Remote sensing assessment of ecological environment quality in karst trough basin. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2020, 32(3): 173-182.

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https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/gtzyyg.2020.03.23 或 https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2020/V32/I3/173

Fig.1 六池河流域地貌及行政区划

Fig.2 本文技术流程

Tab.1 生态环境评价指标分级标准

Fig.3 2000—2017年间六池河流域生态环境综合评价

Fig.4 六池河流域生态环境变化

Tab.2 六池河流域生态环境等级变化测算^①

Tab.3 2000—2017年分县生态环境质量统计

Fig.5 2000—2017年六池河流域乡镇级别生态环境综合评价

Fig.6 2000—2017年六池河流域生态环境质量 Moran’I散点图

Fig.7 2000—2017年六池河流域生态环境质量LISA图

Fig.8 乡镇生态环境质量空间趋势分析

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