Monitoring and identification of potential geological hazard sites using comprehensive remote sensing in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province
GAO Feng1(), ZHANG Honghuai1, ZHOU Wei2(), WANG Xingxing3, SUN Liying1, XU Wenxin1, WU Di3
1. Ningbo Natural Resources Ecological Restoration and Marine Management Service Center, Ningbo 315000, China 2. Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China 3. Zhejiang Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Hangzhou 311100, China
Ningbo, located in Zhejiang Province along the eastern coast of China, features diverse landforms and a complex geological environment. It is prone to geological hazards such as landslides, rockfalls, and debris flows, particularly during the flood season. Therefore, it is of great importance to conduct surface deformation monitoring in Ningbo for geological hazard prevention and control. This study integrated multiple remote sensing methods, including interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), high-resolution optical imagery, and unmanned aerial vehicle-based light detection and ranging (LiDAR). On this basis, landslide hazard monitoring was conducted in Ningbo using comprehensive remote sensing, obtaining the distribution of potential geological hazard sites, from which detailed locations and morphological information of typical high-risk slopes were extracted. Moreover, this study employed a combined-multi-temporal InSAR (CMT-InSAR) method, which integrated permanent and distributed scatterers to form a network. This method effectively increased the density of high-coherence points under vegetated hilly conditions, enhancing the coverage and accuracy of deformation monitoring. As indicated by the experimental results, Ningbo exhibited an overall stable land surface. However, local coastal areas showed significant surface deformation due to activities such as land reclamation, with a subsidence rate exceeding -20 mm/a. In mountainous areas, high-risk sites were primarily concentrated in the Fenghua District, Ninghai County, Yuyao City, and Xiangshan County, with some areas featuring annual average surface deformation rates ranging from -20 to -7 mm/a. The deformation inversion results aligned with field survey observations. This study proposes a high-precision, multi-level, and long-term approach for the early identification and monitoring of geological hazards in mountainous and hilly areas.
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