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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2021, Vol. 33 Issue (4) : 162-172     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2020423
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Coupling and coordination relationships between urbanization and ecological environment along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal
MENG Dan1,2,3(), LIU Lingtong1,2,3, GONG Huili1,2,3, LI Xiaojuan1,2,3, JIANG Bowu1,2,3
1. College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
2. Base of the State Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Process and Digital Modeling, Beijing 100048, China
3. Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Beijing 100048, China
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Abstract  

This paper aims to study the coupling and coordination relationships between the urbanization and ecological environment in the areas along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal from 1992 to 2018. To this end, it builds the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) based on Landsat data to characterize the quality of the ecological environment and establishes the compounded night light index (CNLI) based on DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS nighttime light (NTL) data to characterize the urbanization level. Meanwhile, it determines the coordinated development pattern between the urbanization and ecological environment in the area by applying a coupling and coordination degree model and its classification principles. The results are as follows. ① The urban development level along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is characterized by spatial imbalance. It is high in the southern and northern areas but low in the middle areas. During 1992—2018, the number of cities with a high urbanization level increased year by year. The periods from 1992 to 2002, from 2002 to 2013, and from 2013 to 2018 witnessed the slow development, the accelerated development, and the steady improvement of urbanization, respectively. ② During 1992—2018, the RSEI values were all greater than 0.4, indicating a high-quality ecological environment. The ecological environment in the areas along the canal was relatively stable from 1992 to 2002, improved from 2002 to 2007, and deteriorated from 2007 to 2018 to a certain degree. ③ During 1992—2018, the coupling and coordination degree between urbanization and the ecological environment increased first and then decreased. In terms of the coordinated development type, urbanization lagged behind the ecological environment firstly and then the latter gradually lagged behind the former, indicating that the quality of the ecological environment needs further improving. That is, it is necessary to strengthen the protection of the ecological environment while developing the economy along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.
Keywords Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal      urbanization      eco-environment      coupling coordination     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Issue Date: 23 December 2021
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Dan MENG
Lingtong LIU
Huili GONG
Xiaojuan LI
Bowu JIANG
Cite this article:   
Dan MENG,Lingtong LIU,Huili GONG, et al. Coupling and coordination relationships between urbanization and ecological environment along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2021, 33(4): 162-172.
URL:  
https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2020423     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2021/V33/I4/162
Fig.1  Sketch map of study area and scope
数据 时间 获取途径
Landsat TM 1992年、1997年、2002年、2007年 地理空间数据云http: //www.gscloud.cn/
Landsat OLI 2013年、2018年
DMSP/OLS 1992年、1997年、2002年、2007年、2012年、2013年 美国国家海洋和大气管理局https: //www.ngdc.noaa.gov
NPP/VIIRS 2012年、2013年、2018年
建成区数据 2018年 中国城市基本土地利用类别测绘http: //data.ess.tsinghua.edu.cn/
统计数据 2018年 2018年沿线城市统计年鉴
Tab.1  List of the research data
综合
类别		 协调度水平 亚类
别		 系统指数值对比 子类别 类型
协调
发展		 0.8<D≤1 高度
协调		 G(y)-F(x)>0.1 城市化滞后 Ⅴ1
|G(y)-F(x)|≤0.1 系统均衡发展 Ⅴ2
G(y)-F(x)<-0.1 生态环境滞后 Ⅴ3
转型
发展		 0.6<D≤0.8 中度
协调		 G(y)-F(x)>0.1 城市化滞后 Ⅳ1
|G(y)-F(x)|≤0.1 系统均衡发展 Ⅳ2
G(y)-F(x)<-0.1 生态环境滞后 Ⅳ3
0.4<D≤0.6 濒临
失调		 G(y)-F(x)>0.1 城市化滞后 Ⅲ1
|G(y)-F(x)|≤0.1 系统均衡发展 Ⅲ2
G(y)-F(x)<-0.1 生态环境滞后 Ⅲ3
不协
调发
展		 0.2<D≤0.4 中度
失调		 G(y)-F(x)>0.1 城市化滞后 Ⅱ1
|G(y)-F(x)|≤0.1 系统均衡发展 Ⅱ2
G(y)-F(x)<-0.1 生态环境滞后 Ⅱ3
0<D≤0.2 严重
失调		 G(y)-F(x)>0.1 城市化滞后 Ⅰ1
|G(y)-F(x)|≤0.1 系统均衡发展 Ⅰ2
G(y)-F(x)<-0.1 生态环境滞后 Ⅰ3
Tab.2  Classification principles of coupling and coordination types between urbanization and eco-environment
Fig.2  Map of night light intensity from 1992 to 2018
城市 非农人
口比例		 第二三产业
占GDP比重		 建成区
比重		 城市化综
合指数		 建成区灯
光指数
0.4 0.4 0.2
北京 0.86 0.99 0.24 0.79 0.86
天津 0.83 0.99 0.26 0.78 0.81
廊坊 0.59 0.90 0.26 0.65 0.60
沧州 0.52 0.92 0.2 0.62 0.41
德州 0.56 0.91 0.13 0.61 0.53
聊城 0.60 0.90 0.16 0.63 0.42
济南 0.72 0.96 0.21 0.71 0.70
泰安 0.61 0.92 0.11 0.63 0.59
济宁 0.59 0.90 0.11 0.62 0.63
枣庄 0.6 0.93 0.13 0.64 0.61
徐州 0.65 0.90 0.14 0.65 0.59
宿迁 0.60 0.89 0.13 0.62 0.58
淮安 0.63 0.90 0.12 0.64 0.63
扬州 0.67 0.95 0.17 0.68 0.76
镇江 0.71 0.97 0.22 0.72 0.79
常州 0.89 0.98 0.36 0.82 0.85
无锡 0.76 0.99 0.47 0.79 0.90
苏州 0.76 0.99 0.42 0.78 0.92
嘉兴 0.59 0.97 0.39 0.70 0.76
杭州 0.78 0.98 0.11 0.73 0.87
Tab.3  Comprehensive urbanization index of each city in 2018
Fig.3  The spatial distribution of urbanization levels from 1992 to 2018
Fig.4  Map of RSEI from 1992 to 2018
指标 1992年 1997年 2002年 2007年 2013年 2018年
平均值 0.62 0.59 0.60 0.73 0.63 0.63
标准差 0.24 0.32 0.24 0.25 0.29 0.29
Tab.4  Overall eco-environment evaluation results of the study area from 1992 to 2018
Fig.5  Spatial evolution map of city-scale eco-environment quality from 1992 to 2018
Fig.6  Coordination between urbanization and eco-environment of various cities from 1992 to 2018
Fig.7  Evolution of the type of coupling and coordination between urbanization and eco-environment from 1992 to 2108
Fig.8  Evolution of the subtypes of coupling and coordination between urbanization and eco-environment from 1992 to 2108
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