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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2023, Vol. 35 Issue (4) : 159-168     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2022249
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Spatio-temporal evolution of ecosystem health in Anhui Province from 1980 to 2015
WANG Zuo1,2(), WANG Meng1,2, WANG Changchang1,2, LI Hu1,2, ZHANG Yun1,2
1. School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
2. Engineering Technology Research Center of Resources Environment and GIS, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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Abstract  

To explore the ecosystem health of Anhui Province in the context of modern urbanization, this study established an ecosystem health evaluation system for Anhui Province based on time-series land use type data using the vigour-organization-resilience (VOR) model. Then, this study defined the weights of indicators in the evaluation system using the entropy weight method and evaluated the ecosystem health of Anhui Province and its spatio-temporal evolution over the period from 1980 to 2015 on the county scale. The results show that: ① Anhui Province was dominated by counties with an unhealthy ecosystem, followed by counties with a subhealthy ecosystem, both of which accounted for 56.37% and 16.83%, respectively. Spatially, the comprehensive average multiyear health index and average multiyear health grade of Anhui Province’s ecosystem were higher in the south and lower in the north, strongly correlating with the landform type. Areas with Healthy and very healthy ecosystems were mostly distributed in the hilly and mountainous areas in the southern and western parts of the province. In contrast, areas with an unhealthy ecosystem were contiguously distributed in the Huai River Plain, the Jianghuai hilly area, and the plain area along the Yangtze River. Among, Qimen County, Huangshan City exhibited the highest comprehensive ecosystem health index of 0.92, and Luyang District of Hefei City displayed the lowest comprehensive ecosystem health index of about 0.17; ② The overall ecosystem of Anhui Province showed a healthy trend from 1980 to 2015. With 24 counties exhibiting increasing health grades and no counties displaying decreasing health grades, the average provincial health grade increased from unhealthy to subhealthy grades. Nevertheless, 13 counties exhibited decreasing comprehensive health index values, indicating unstable ecosystem health levels and risks of decreasing health grades. The findings of the study can, to some extent, provide a reference for Anhui Province to formulate reasonable land use policies, protect and manage the eco-environment, and optimize ecosystem service functions.
Keywords temporal and spatial evolution      ecosystem      health assessment      Anhui Province     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Issue Date: 21 December 2023
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Zuo WANG
Meng WANG
Changchang WANG
Hu LI
Yun ZHANG
Cite this article:   
Zuo WANG,Meng WANG,Changchang WANG, et al. Spatio-temporal evolution of ecosystem health in Anhui Province from 1980 to 2015[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2023, 35(4): 159-168.
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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2022249     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2023/V35/I4/159
Fig.1  Geomorphological zoning map of Anhui Province
评价子系统 评价指标 公式 描述
活力 林/草地覆盖率C(+) C = A f + A g C A 评价单元内林地、草地面积之和所占比例。其中Af为林地面积; Ag为草地面积; CA为评价单元总面积
组织力 SHDI
(-)		 S H D I = - ∑ i = 1 m ( p i l n p i ) m为景观类型数量; pi为评价单元内第i类景观类型所占面积的比例。SHDI值越大,表明该区域景观多样性较高
CONTAG(+) C O N T A G = 1 + ∑ i = 1 m ∑ k = 1 m ( p i ) g i k ∑ k = 1 m g i k l n ( p i ) g i k ∑ k = 1 m g i k 2 l n m gik为第i类景观类型与第k类景观类型毗邻的斑块数目。CONTAG反映区域优势地类的影响力,其值越大表明景观格局中存在的优势地类间连接程度强,景观破碎化程度低;反之值越小表明景观格局中存在多种小斑块,景观的破碎化程度高
MPS(+) M P S = C A N P NP为评价单元中斑块总数。MPS值越大为景观破碎度越低
人类干扰指数IH(-) I H = A 1 + A 2 C A A1为评价单元中耕地总面积; A2为评价单元中建设用地总面积。IH值越大,人类活动对生态系统影响越大,对生态系统健康的破坏程度越大
弹力 生境质量指数Qxj(+) Q x j = H j 1 - D x j z D x j z + r z Hj为生境类型j的栖息地适宜性,取值范围0~1; r为半饱和常数,取最大生境退化指数Dxj的一半; z为归一化常量,一般情况下设为2.5。其中Dxj为生境退化度[22]。当前景观上栖息地质量的相对水平,数字越大表明生境质量越好
Tab.1  Ecosystem health evaluation system indicators and their description
评价模型 评价子系统 相对于子系统
的权重值		 相对于生态系统
健康评价体系
的权重值
生态系统
健康评价		 活力(0.279 1) 林/草地覆盖率(1.000 0) 林/草地覆盖率(0.279 1)
组织力
(0.485 3)		 SHDI(0.238 8) SHDI(0.115 9)
CONTAG
(0.157 4)		 CONTAG
(0.076 4)
MPS(0.171 0) MPS(0.083 0)
人类干扰指数(0.432 8) 人类干扰指数(0.210 1)
弹力(0.235 6) 生境质量指数(1.000 0) 生境质量指数(0.235 6)
Tab.2  Ecosystem health evaluation system and weight in Anhui Province
健康等级 综合指
数范围		 健康水平描述
很健康(一级) [0.8, 1.0] 生态系统结构和多样性稳定,功能完整,生态系统恢复力很强,系统维持正常的循环与平衡,极少受到外界干扰
健康(二级) [0.6, 0.8) 生态系统结构与功能较为稳定,生态系统恢复力较强,受到一部分外界干扰,但没有影响其整体稳定性
亚健康(三级) [0.4, 0.6) 生态系统结构受到一定程度影响而发生改变,部分功能可以实现,受到一定程度的外界干扰,产生了一定污染
不健康(四级) [0.2, 0.4) 生态系统结构受到大幅度冲击,大部分功能丧失,生态系统恢复力大幅度下降,部分外界干扰已经造成了严重侵害
病态(五级) [0.0, 0.2) 生态系统结构崩溃,功能退化,系统难以维持正常的生命活动,外界干扰已经超过自身承载能力,系统受到严重污染
Tab.3  Ecosystem health evaluation level and related description in Anhui Province
Fig.2  Spatial distribution of ecosystem vitality
Fig.3  Spatial distribution of ecosystem organization forces
Fig.4  Spatial distribution of ecosystem resilience
Fig.5  Spatial distribution of ecosystem health grades and multi-year average health grades in Anhui Province from 1980 to 2015
Fig.6  Changes in the average ecosystem health integrated index and the area of health grade in Anhui Province, 1980—2015
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