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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2022, Vol. 34 Issue (3) : 207-217     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2021323
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The characteristics and driving factors of spatiotemporal changes in the ecosystem service value in Xiangxi, Hunan, China
LI Jingzhi1,2(), WANG Miao1(), FENG Wenjing1, LI Bin1
1. School of Architecture, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410076, China
2. Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
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Abstract  

The evaluation of ecosystem service value (ESV) is an important basis for formulating policies regarding ecological protection, ecological compensation, and the accounting for natural resource assets. An in-depth study of the characteristics and driving factors of the spatiotemporal changes in the ESV in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province, China is greatly significant for ecological control and protection. This study analyzed the changes in land use based on seven phases of 1990—2018 land use data of Xiangxi and evaluated the ESV in Xiangxi using the equivalence factor method. Moreover, it analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of the ESV by combining a spatial statistical model and further explored the driving factors of the ESV. The results are as follows. The main land type in Xiangxi is forest land. In the past 28 years, the area of forest land and grassland decreased due to occupation by construction land, the area of construction land, wetland, and unused land increased, and the water area roughly remained unchanged. Overall, land use in Xiangxi had a moderate or low degree of activity. The total ESV successively increased, decreased, increased, and decreased, forming an M-shaped trend. Moreover, it declined overall. Spatially, the total ESV was higher in the southeast than in the northwest. The spatial self correlation analysis indicated that the ESV in the study area showed positive spatial aggregation, and the ecological spatial pattern in Xiangxi had not changed significantly over the past 28 years. The driving factors leading to the spatiotemporal differences in the ESV main included urbanization rate, population density, the gross output by forestry, and area of forest land. This study will provide a theoretical reference for the rational utilization of land resources and ecological protection in Xiangxi.
Keywords ecosystem service value      spatiotemporal characteristics      spatial self correlation      driving factor      Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Corresponding Authors: WANG Miao     E-mail: lijingzhi2210862@163.com;Wang_miao97@163.com
Issue Date: 21 September 2022
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Jingzhi LI
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Wenjing FENG
Bin LI
Cite this article:   
Jingzhi LI,Miao WANG,Wenjing FENG, et al. The characteristics and driving factors of spatiotemporal changes in the ecosystem service value in Xiangxi, Hunan, China[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2022, 34(3): 207-217.
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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2021323     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2022/V34/I3/207
Fig.1  Location of the study area
生态系统分类 供给服务 调节服务 支持服务 文化服务
一级
分类		 二级
分类		 食物
生产		 原料
生产		 水资源
供给		 气体
调节		 气候
调节		 净化
环境		 水文
调节		 土壤
保持		 维持养
分循环		 生物
多样性		 美学
景观
农田 旱地 1 155.23 543.64 27.18 910.59 489.27 135.91 366.95 1 399.86 163.09 176.68 81.55
水田 1 848.36 122.32 -3 574.41 1 508.59 774.68 231.05 3 696.72 13.59 258.23 285.41 122.32
林地 阔叶 394.14 897.00 462.09 2 949.23 8 834.09 2 623.04 6 442.09 3 601.59 271.82 3 275.41 1 440.64
针阔混交 421.32 964.95 502.86 3 193.86 9 554.40 2 704.59 4 770.41 3 887.00 299.00 3 533.63 1 549.36
针叶 299.00 706.73 366.95 2 310.45 6 890.59 2 025.04 4 539.36 2 799.73 217.45 2 555.09 1 114.45
灌木 258.23 584.41 299.00 1 916.32 5 748.95 1 739.64 4 552.95 2 337.63 176.68 2 133.77 937.77
草地 灌草丛 516.45 761.09 421.32 2 677.41 7 080.86 2 337.63 5 191.72 3 261.82 244.64 2 962.82 1 304.73
草甸 299.00 448.50 244.64 1 549.36 4 104.45 1 359.09 3 003.59 1 889.14 149.50 1 726.04 761.09
草原 135.91 190.27 108.73 693.14 1 821.18 598.00 1 331.91 842.64 67.95 761.09 339.77
湿地 沼泽地 285.41 339.77 1 766.82 1 291.14 2 446.36 2 446.36 16 472.17 1 630.91 122.32 5 354.81 3 221.04
滩地 407.73 339.77 1 753.23 1 291.14 2 446.36 2 446.36 16 458.58 1 508.59 122.32 5 341.22 3 207.45
未利
用地		 裸土地 13.59 40.77 27.18 149.50 135.91 421.32 285.41 176.68 13.59 163.09 67.95
裸岩石质地 0.00 0.00 0.00 27.18 0.00 135.91 40.77 27.18 0.00 27.18 13.59
水域 河渠 543.64 163.09 11 361.99 978.54 2 881.27 6 211.04 118 920.38 557.23 54.36 2 786.13 2 147.36
水库坑塘 543.64 149.50 2840.50 312.59 964.95 1 549.36 29 723.30 706.73 40.77 693.14 543.64
建设
用地		 城镇用地 13.59 13.59 0.00 380.55 951.36 0.00 27.18 543.64 0.00 0.00 0.00
农村居民点 13.59 13.59 0.00 380.55 951.36 0.00 27.18 543.64 0.00 0.00 0.00
其他建设用地 13.59 13.59 0.00 380.55 951.36 0.00 27.18 543.64 0.00 0.00 0.00
Tab.1  
驱动因子 变量
人口指标 X1为总人口,人; X2为城镇人口,人; X3为农村人口,人; X4为少数民族人口,人; X5为人口自然增长率,%; X6为人口密度,人/km2; X7为城镇化率,%
经济指标 X8为GDP总量,亿元; X9为人均GDP,元; X10为第一产业总产值,亿元; X11为第二产业总产值,亿元; X12为第三产业总产值,亿元; X13为农村人均纯收入,元; X14为农业总产值,万元; X15为林业总产值,万元; X16为牧业总产值,万元
农业指标 X17为耕地面积,hm2; X18为林地面积,hm2; X19为草地面积,hm2; X20为农作物播种面积,hm2; X21为粮食作物产量,t; X22为粮食作物播种面积,hm2
旅游指标 X23为旅游总人数,万人; X24为旅游年收入,万元
Tab.2  Index system of ecosystem service value change driving force
Fig.2  Land use classification in Xiangxi from 1990 to 2018
土地利用类型 1990—1995年 1995—2000年 2000—2005年 2005—2010年 2010—2013年 2013—2018年 1990—2018年
耕地 -0.18 0.21 -0.07 -0.04 -0.39 -0.18 -0.09
林地 0.05 -0.06 0.01 -0.01 -0.05 -0.01 -0.01
草地 0.19 -0.26 -0.01 -0.02 -0.13 -0.05 -0.04
水域 -2.29 2.00 0.82 -0.49 -1.65 0.66 -0.10
建设用地 0.17 1.01 1.39 2.37 21.24 5.90 6.03
湿地 -6.11 16.48 -6.25 18.41 -3.36 0.45 1.92
未利用地 0.00 1.53 0.00 0.00 47.99 -1.91 4.91
综合土地利用动态度 0.06 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.26 0.22 0.07
Tab.3  Dynamic degree of land use in Xiangxi from 1990 to 2018(%)
土地利
用类型		 ESV/亿元 1990—2018年ESV
变化量/亿元		 变化
率/%
1990年 1995年 2000年 2005年 2010年 2013年 2018年
耕地 30.098 9 33.255 3 28.461 6 30.520 0 28.542 9 25.109 6 23.175 1 -6.923 8 -23.00
林地 560.697 0 626.099 3 529.272 4 569.876 2 533.688 8 473.399 0 440.539 8 -120.157 2 -21.43
草地 53.139 8 59.735 7 50.002 0 53.788 3 50.336 5 44.524 5 41.333 0 -11.806 8 -22.22
湿地 0.265 2 0.205 5 0.317 3 0.234 7 0.422 3 0.338 1 0.322 0 0.056 8 21.42
未利用地 0.000 2 0.000 3 0.000 2 0.0003 0.000 2 0.002 0 0.001 6 0.001 4 700.00
水域 23.849 1 23.679 2 22.102 6 24.835 0 22.803 7 20.665 8 19.794 6 -4.054 5 -17.00
建设用地 0.275 8 0.310 3 0.276 0 0.317 7 0.333 0 0.485 3 0.585 4 0.309 6 112.24
总计 668.326 0 743.285 6 630.432 1 679.572 2 636.127 4 564.524 3 525.751 5 -142.574 5 -21.33
Tab.4  Changes of ecosystem service value in Xiangxi from 1990 to 2018
生态系统服务功能 ESV/亿元 1990—2018年ESV
变化量/亿元		 增长
率/%
一级类型 二级类型 1990年 1995年 2000年 2005年 2010年 2013年 2018年
供给服务 食物生产 16.80 18.68 15.86 17.05 15.95 14.10 13.07 -3.73 -22.21
原料生产 19.82 22.10 18.71 20.13 18.85 16.70 15.52 -4.29 -21.67
水资源供给 0.76 0.60 0.69 0.85 0.79 0.74 0.79 0.03 4.05
调节服务 气体调节 66.46 74.17 62.72 67.51 63.22 56.06 52.14 -14.31 -21.54
气候调节 179.91 200.89 169.78 182.81 171.21 151.88 141.36 -38.54 -21.42
净化环境 54.21 60.43 51.15 55.10 51.59 45.76 42.59 -11.62 -21.43
水文调节 149.99 165.16 141.27 152.84 142.84 127.10 118.65 -31.34 -20.90
支持服务 土壤保持 76.26 85.08 71.98 77.48 72.57 64.34 59.88 -16.38 -21.48
维持养分循环 6.73 7.50 6.35 6.83 6.40 5.66 5.26 -1.46 -21.76
生物多样性 67.60 75.44 63.79 68.68 64.34 57.04 53.07 -14.53 -21.49
文化服务 美学景观 29.81 33.24 28.13 30.29 28.37 25.16 23.41 -6.39 -21.45
总计 668.33 743.29 630.43 679.57 636.13 564.52 525.75 -142.57 -21.33
Tab.5  Ecosystem service value of each kind of the service function in Xiangxi from 1990 to 2018
Fig.3  Distribution of the ecosystem service value in Xiangxi from 1990 to 2018
土地类型 1990年 1995年 2000年 2005年 2010年 2013年 2018年
耕地VC±50% 0.045 0 0.044 7 0.045 1 0.044 9 0.044 9 0.044 5 0.044 1
林地VC±50% 0.839 0 0.842 3 0.839 5 0.838 6 0.839 0 0.838 6 0.837 9
草地VC±50% 0.079 5 0.080 4 0.079 3 0.079 2 0.079 1 0.078 9 0.078 6
湿地VC±50% 0.000 4 0.000 3 0.000 5 0.000 3 0.000 7 0.000 6 0.000 6
未利用地VC±50% 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000 0 0.000 0
水域VC±50% 0.035 7 0.031 9 0.035 1 0.036 5 0.035 8 0.036 6 0.037 7
建设用地VC±50% 0.000 4 0.000 4 0.000 4 0.000 5 0.000 5 0.000 9 0.001 1
Tab.6  Sensitivity coefficient of Xiangxi from 1990 to 2018
指标 1990年 1995年 2000年 2005年 2010年 2013年 2018年
Moran’s I 0.428 1 0.428 3 0.428 1 0.428 7 0.428 0 0.426 1 0.423 2
统计量 21.649 6 22.009 8 21.818 9 22.160 5 22.167 7 21.591 4 20.700 9
p 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001
Tab.7  Global Moran’s I of ecosystem service value in Xiangxi
Fig.4  LISA cluster graph of ecosystem service value in Xiangxi from 1990 to 2018
生态系统服务
价值类型/亿元		 回归模型① 调整后R2
生态系统服务总价值 y = - 4.361 X 7 + 754.142 0.609
y = - 12.148 X 7 + 0.006 X 15 + 　 　 761.993 y = - 6.133 X 7 + 0.004 X 15 + 　 　 0.025 X 18 - 2.661 × 10 4 0.836
0.984
供给服务价值 y 1 = - 0.200 X 6 + 70.145 0.604
y 1 = - 0.242 X 7 + 42.088 0.610
调节服务价值 y 2 = - 2.926 X 7 + 508.02 0.608
y 2 = - 8.171 X 7 + 0.004 X 15 + 　 　 513.340 0.837
支持服务价值 y 3 = - 0.996 X 7 + 170.300 0.610
文化服务价值 y 4 = - 0.197 X 7 + 33.695 0.609
Tab.8  Ecosystem service value regression models of each service in the study area
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