机载激光测深数据获取及处理技术现状

doi:10.6046/zrzyyg.2022436

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摘要

水下地形测量是测绘科学的重要分支,与人类开展海洋、湖泊等作业密切相关。在探测浅水区水下地形时,传统声学方法面临船体搁浅风险,被动光学方式则存在测量精度低等缺陷。机载激光测深技术的出现为解决浅水水深测量难题提供了新的手段,其在近岸区域应用可填补浅水区水下地形数据空白。文章首先简要介绍了机载激光测深系统的组成和原理; 其次,对激光测深数据的获取做了说明,并重点讨论了机载激光测深数据处理的关键技术,包括波形数据处理、误差修正和点云数据处理等; 最后,总结了机载激光测深存在的技术难点及未来的发展趋势。

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	崔子伟
	徐文学
	刘焱雄
	郭亚栋
	孟祥谦
	蒋正坤

关键词 ：机载激光测深, 激光测深数据获取, 波形数据处理, 误差修正, 点云数据处理

Abstract：

As an essential branch of surveying and mapping science, underwater topographic surveys are closely related to human operations in oceans and lakes. For underwater topography detection in shallow-water areas, conventional acoustic methods face the hull stranding risk, and passive optical methods have low survey accuracy. The airborne laser sounding is a novel means for bathymetric surveys in shallow-water areas, and its application in offshore areas can fill the gap of underwater topography data in shallow-water areas. This study presents a brief introduction to the composition and principle of the airborne laser sounding system, followed by a description of laser sounding data acquisition. Furthermore, this study highlights the critical processing technologies for airborne laser sounding data, including waveform data processing, error correction, and point cloud data processing. Finally, this study summarizes the technical difficulties and developmental trends of airborne laser sounding.

Key words： airborne laser sounding laser sounding data acquisition waveform data processing error correction point cloud data processing

收稿日期: 2022-11-17 出版日期: 2023-09-19

ZTFLH:

TP79

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目“机载激光测深回波波形分解及折射率改正方法研究”(41871381);“基于机载激光测深数据的海底DEM生成及底质分类研究”(41401573);国家卫星海洋应用中心项目“机载激光雷达测深”(20CINC-024051-01)

通讯作者: 徐文学(1980-),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向为激光扫描数据处理、海洋测绘。Email: xuwx@fio.org.cn。

作者简介: 崔子伟(1998-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为机载激光测深数据处理。Email: lucky_cuiziwei@163.com。

引用本文:

崔子伟, 徐文学, 刘焱雄, 郭亚栋, 孟祥谦, 蒋正坤. 机载激光测深数据获取及处理技术现状[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2023, 35(3): 1-9.
CUI Ziwei, XU Wenxue, LIU Yanxiong, GUO Yadong, MENG Xiangqian, JIANG Zhengkun. Current status of the acquisition and processing of airborne laser sounding data. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2023, 35(3): 1-9.

链接本文:

https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2022436 或 https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2023/V35/I3/1

Fig.1 机载激光测深系统示意图

Fig.2 单频机载激光测深原理示意图

Fig.3 不同底质光谱反射率曲线^[17]

Fig.4 机载激光测深数据获取流程

Fig.5 机载激光测深数据处理流程

Tab.1 机载激光测深误差分析

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