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自然资源遥感  2025, Vol. 37 Issue (3): 32-44    DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2023401
  矿山生态环境遥感监测专栏 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
长江经济带湖北段废弃露天矿山生态修复遥感动态监测和生态修复效果评价
孙娅琴1,2,3(), 邸宝刚4, 邢宇1, 安娜1(), 张仙1
1.中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心,北京 100083
2.自然资源部航空地球物理与遥感地质重点实验室,北京 100083
3.自然资源部地质灾害隐患遥感识别与监测工程技术创新中心,北京 100083
4.中国四维测绘技术有限公司,北京 100083
Remote sensing-based dynamic monitoring and ecological restoration effect assessment of abandoned open-pit mines in the Yangtze River economic belt within Hubei Province
SUN Yaqin1,2,3(), DI Baogang4, XING Yu1, AN Na1(), ZHANG Xian1
1. China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
2. Key Laboratory of Airborne Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology, Ministry of Nature Resources, Beijing 100083, China
3. Technology Innovation Center for Geohazards Identification and Monitoring with Earth Observation System, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing 100083, China
4. China Siwei Surveying and Mapping Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
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摘要 长江经济带横跨中国东中西三大区域,是生态文明建设的先行示范带。湖北省作为长江经济带的一员,矿产资源丰富,长期大规模矿产资源开发破坏了生态环境,影响社会稳定,亟须对废弃露天矿山进行生态修复。截至目前,少有学者对长江经济带湖北段废弃露天矿山的生态修复情况进行系统跟踪监测和分析。该文基于2017—2022年国产高分辨率遥感数据,采用人机交互解译对长江经济带湖北段干流及主要支流(汉江、清江)两岸各10 km范围内废弃露天矿山的分布和生态修复进展进行监测。结果发现,截至2017年底,研究区共有废弃露天矿山图斑537处,涉及矿山283座,面积共2 225.19 hm2; 2018—2022年动态变化监测结果显示,研究区废弃露天矿山的生态修复治理面积由2018年的291.01 hm2增长至2022年的1 741.19 hm2,治理率持续上升,生态修复治理情况总体向好。基于2017—2022年遥感生态指数(remote sensing based ecological index,RSEI),对废弃露天矿山生态修复效果进行评价,结果发现废弃露天矿山图斑范围RSEI均值由2017年的0.397 7增长为2022年的0.423 9,增长率6.59%,图斑范围的生态状况向好发展,生态修复效果明显。总的来说,该文对研究区废弃露天矿山生态修复动态变化情况进行监测和评价,所得结果可为湖北省乃至全国其他区域废弃露天矿山监测提供数据支撑和方法借鉴,具有一定的研究意义。
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关键词 ： 长江经济带,  废弃露天矿山,  生态修复,  遥感生态指数,  生态修复效果评价    
Abstract：

The Yangtze River economic belt (YREB), spanning the east, middle, and west regions of China, serves as a pioneering demonstration belt for the construction of ecological civilization. Hubei Province, a member of the YREB, holds abundant mineral resources. Its long-term exploitation of mineral resources has caused ecosystem damage and social stability disruption, necessitating ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines. However, few studies concern the systematic tracking, monitoring, and analysis of the ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines in the YREB within Hubei Province. Based on the remote sensing data from the domestic high-resolution satellite from 2017 to 2022, and utilizing human-computer interaction interpretation, this study monitored the distributions and ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines within 10 km on both sides of the mainstems and major tributaries (Hanjiang River and Qingjiang River) in the YREB within Hubei Province. The results indicate that by the end of 2017, 537 patches of abandoned open-pit mines had been identified in the study area, involving 283 mines with a total area of 2 225.19 hm2. The monitoring results of dynamic changes from 2018 to 2022 show that the ecological restoration and treatment area of abandoned open-pit mines increased from 291.01 hm2 in 2018 to 1 741.19 hm2 in 2022, manifesting a continuously rising treatment rate, suggesting overall improved ecological restoration and treatment results. Using the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) values from 2017 to 2022, this study assessed the ecological restoration effects of abandoned open-pit mines. The assessment results reveal that the average RSEI value for the patches increased from 0.397 7 in 2017 to 0.423 9 in 2022, with a growth rate of 6.59 %, suggesting significantly improved ecological conditions and restoration effects. Overall, the monitoring and assessment results of the dynamic changes in ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines in the study area provide valuable data and methodological insights for monitoring abandoned open-pit mines in Hubei Province and other regions in China, highlighting the significance of this study.
Key words： Yangtze River economic belt (YREB)    abandoned open-pit mine    ecological restoration    remote sensing ecological index (RSEI)    ecological restoration effect assessment
收稿日期: 2023-12-26      出版日期: 2025-07-01
ZTFLH:  TP79  
基金资助:中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心青年创新基金课题“基于多源遥感数据的矿山环境污染监测方法研究”(2023YFL30);中国地质调查项目“全国矿山开发及重点地区生态空间监测评估”(DD20230100)
通讯作者: 安娜(1980-),女,高级工程师,主要从事遥感矿产地质、自然资源、土地研究。Email: an_na826@163.com。
作者简介: 孙娅琴(1991-),女,工程师,主要从事矿山遥感监测、遥感地质方面的研究。Email: 763847773@qq.com。
引用本文:   
孙娅琴, 邸宝刚, 邢宇, 安娜, 张仙. 长江经济带湖北段废弃露天矿山生态修复遥感动态监测和生态修复效果评价[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2025, 37(3): 32-44.
SUN Yaqin, DI Baogang, XING Yu, AN Na, ZHANG Xian. Remote sensing-based dynamic monitoring and ecological restoration effect assessment of abandoned open-pit mines in the Yangtze River economic belt within Hubei Province. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2025, 37(3): 32-44.
链接本文:  
https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2023401      或      https://www.gtzyyg.com/CN/Y2025/V37/I3/32
Fig.1  研究区分布简图
时相 影像类型 空间分
辨率/m		 用途
2017年7—11月 GF-1/GF-2/ZY-3 0.8~2.0 本底调查
2018年7—11月 GF-1/GF-2/GF-6/ZY-3 0.8~2.0 变化调查
2019年7—11月 GF-1/GF-2/GF-6/ZY-3 0.8~2.0 变化调查
2020年7—11月 GF-1/GF-2/ZY-3/BJ-2 0.8~2.0 变化调查
2021年7—11月 GF-1/GF-2/ZY-1/
GF-7/BJ-2		 0.65~2.0 变化调查
2022年7—11月 GF-1/GF-2/GF-6/BJ-2 0.8~2.0 变化调查
Tab.1  各年度国产高分辨率遥感影像统计表
Fig.2  文章主要技术流程图
Fig.3  研究区废弃露天矿山治理前后遥感影像图示例
Fig.4  研究区废弃露天矿山分布图
市级行政区 矿山数量/座 图斑数量/处 图斑面积/hm2
武汉市 10 17 100.76
黄石市 59 159 838.17
十堰市 2 2 3.78
宜昌市 34 55 175.26
襄阳市 10 30 95.96
鄂州市 9 21 43.52
荆门市 23 44 122.82
孝感市 18 41 154.10
荆州市 9 15 38.23
黄冈市 21 41 241.47
咸宁市 5 16 64.75
恩施土家族
苗族自治州		 71 78 265.88
仙桃市 4 5 12.08
潜江市 4 7 33.15
天门市 4 6 35.26
总计 283 537 2 225.19
Tab.2  研究区废弃露天矿山分布情况统计表
地级市 采场 中转
场地		 固体
废弃物		 矿山
建筑		 小计
武汉市 71.28 22.78 6.70 — 100.76
黄石市 441.72 284.13 91.14 21.18 838.17
十堰市 3.78 — — — 3.78
宜昌市 130.55 44.18 0.53 — 175.26
襄阳市 88.66 7.30 — — 95.96
鄂州市 29.70 11.59 2.23 — 43.52
荆门市 92.09 26.67 2.98 1.08 122.82
孝感市 104.61 44.38 5.11 — 154.10
荆州市 21.25 16.98 — — 38.23
黄冈市 207.45 33.17 0.85 — 241.47
咸宁市 45.25 14.52 4.20 0.78 64.75
恩施土家族
苗族自治州		 248.07 17.81 — — 265.88
仙桃市 1.37 10.71 — — 12.08
潜江市 7.98 25.17 — — 33.15
天门市 10.27 24.99 — — 35.26
总计 1 504.03 584.38 113.74 23.04 2 225.19
Tab.3  研究区废弃露天矿山开发占地面积统计
Fig.5  研究区2018—2022年废弃露天矿山生态修复治理情况遥感监测图
Fig.6  研究区2018—2022年废弃露天矿山生态修复治理面积和治理率统计
Fig.7  研究区2018—2022年废弃露天矿山生态修复治理增长面积和治理率增长情况统计
Fig.8  研究区2018—2022年废弃露天矿山开发占地类型生态修复治理面积统计图
Fig.9  研究区2018—2022年废弃露天矿山开发占地类型生态修复治理率统计图
Fig.10  研究区2018—2022年废弃露天矿山生态修复治理后地类面积统计图
Fig.11  研究区各地级市(州)2018—2022年废弃露天矿山生态修复治理面积统计
Fig.12  研究区各地级市(州)2018—2022年废弃露天矿山生态修复治理率统计
Fig.13  研究区2022年废弃露天矿山生态修复治理前后地类面积统计
Fig.14  研究区2017—2022年RSEI分布图
Fig.15  研究区2017—2022年RSEI统计
Fig.16  废弃矿山图斑范围2017—2022年RSEI统计
Fig.17  某废弃矿山图斑范围2017—2022年RSEI分布图
Fig.18  研究区2017—2022年各等级RSEI面积统计
Fig.19  废弃露天矿山图斑范围2017—2022年各等级RSEI面积统计
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