1. Sichuan Key Laboratory of Evaluation and Utilization of Rare Earth Strategic Resources, Chengdu 610081, China 2. Sichuan Geological Survey Institute, Chengdu 610036, China 3. College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610051, China
The Chaerhan Salt Lake contains abundant inorganic salts such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium chloride, and it is also one of the mining bases in China. In recent years, with the rapid development of industrial mining activities in the Chaerhan Salt Lake and its surrounding salty field, the water quality of the salt lake has been polluted, and the lake water area has also rapidly decreased. By calculating the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) for the study area in 2002—2018, the authors obtained vegetation changes in the study area. Using remote sensing monitoring methods and combined with various factors such as rainfall and industrial development, the authors studied evolutionary trends and driving factors of the Chaerhan Salt Lake. Some conclusions have been reached: ① The development of salty field mine is the main factor causing the degradation of the Chaerhan Salt Lake. With the increase of the mining area of salt fields, the area of natural salt lakes has been greatly reduced, the amount of water has been reduced, and the salinization of water bodies has become serious. ② The area of the Chaerhan Salt Lake is affected by precipitation. In the years of abundant rainfall, the area of the salt lake has been larger, and smaller changes occur in the area of salt lakes in less rainy years. ③ Mining of salt fields will affect the growth of vegetation. According to the field investigation, salt field mining leads to serious salinization of salt lake water, and vegetation can hardly grow in the high salinity area, so there is less vegetation around the salt lake.
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