Changes in land cover types play a significant role in investigating the changes in regional ecological environments. This study aims to accurately determine the changes in land cover types in the Bayannur section of the Yellow River basin from 1989 to 2020. Based on Landsat data images, and combining visual interpretation with supervised random forest classification, this study interpreted and classified the land cover types of banners/counties within the Bayannur section at an average interval of 10 years from 1989 to 2020. The accuracy verification reveals an overall classification accuracy of above 85% and a Kappa coefficient of above 0.80. As demonstrated by the transfer change matrix of land cover types, the Bayannur section during the study period saw a decrease of 22.17% in sandy land, a reduction of 26.18% in grassland, an increase of 20.83% in cultivated land, and subtle variations in water surfaces. Different areas exhibited distinct changes in land cover types. Desert steppe areas were characterized by mutual transformation between sandy land and grassland. Cultivated and sandy land areas primarily exhibited a shift from sandy land to cultivated land, significantly represented by Dengkou County, where the sandy land decreased by 32.17% and the cultivated land increased by 57.48% in 2020 compared to 1989. Changes in land cover types of desert steppe areas were driven by both social and natural factors, whereas those of cultivated and sandy land areas were predominantly subjected to social factors. The results of this study will provide effective data reference and support for more rational planning and utilization of land space.
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2024, Vol. 36 
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