A review on geostationary earth orbit microwave atmospheric sounding technology
QIAN Bo1, CAO Anjie2, WU Ying1, WANG Pengkai1
1. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)/Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; 2. Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering, Shanghai 200240, China
Abstract：The cloudy and raining atmosphere can be detected by the microwave atmospheric sounding system in polar orbit meteorology satellites, but its long sounding cycle is a great limit for small and medium scale of severe weather (SMSSW) monitoring. Although SMSSW can be detected by geostationary earth orbit satellites (GEOS) with high temporal resolution, internal atmospheric parameters cannot be acquired because of the lack of microwave sounder on GEOS. Working in concert, microwave atmospheric sounding and GEOS at high-temporal resolution together comprise the geostationary earth orbit microwave atmospheric sounding (GEOMAS) system. Developing GEOMAS technology is of great significance for improving SMSSW forecast in all-weather and all-time sounding. In this paper, the research status on GEOMAS was described, the difficulties and challenges of GEOMAS were recounted, the advantages and disadvantages of synthetic aperture antenna system (SAAS) and real aperture antenna system (RAAS) were analyzed and the prospects for GEOMAS development were discussed.
[1] 卢乃锰.静止轨道微波探测——风云气象卫星发展的新挑战[EB/OL].(2012-09-19).http://www.meeting.edu.cn/meeting/media/flashmediadetail.jsp?mediaId=11912&url=qixiang2012video/3.flv. Lu N M.Geostationary earth orbit microwave atmospheric sounding:A new challenge for Fengyun meteorological satellites[EB/OL].(2012-09-19).http://www.meeting.edu.cn/meeting/media/flashmediadetail.jsp?mediaId=11912&url=qixiang2012video/3.flv. [2] NASA官网对AMSU仪器的介绍[EB/OL].http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/AIRS/documentation/amsu_instrument_guide.shtml. An introduction on AMSU instrument in NASA official website[EB/OL].http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/AIRS/documentation/amsu_instrument_guide.shtml. [3] Muth C,Lee P S,Shiue J C,et al.Advanced technology microwave sounder on NPOESS and NPP[C]//Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Anchorage,AK,USA:IEEE,2004:2454-2458. [4] 杨 军,董超华,卢乃锰,等.中国新一代极轨气象卫星——风云三号[J].气象学报,2009,67(4):501-509. Yang J,Dong C H,Lu N M,et al.FY-3A:The new generation polar-orbiting meteorological satellite of China[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2009,67(4):501-509. [5] Staelin D H,Rosenkranz P W.Applications review panel:High resolution passive microwave satellites[R].Report for NASA contract NAS5-23677.Cambridge,MA:MIT Press,1978. [6] Chedin A,Pick D,Rizzi R.Definition study and impact analysis of a microwave radiometer on a geostationary spacecraft[C]//ESA Second Generation Meteosat Definition Studies on Microwave and Infrared Vertical Sounders.Bracknell:STI,1986:58. [7] Gasiewski A J,Barret J W,Bonanni P G,et al.Aircraft-based radiometric imaging of tropospheric temperature and precipitation using the 118.75 GHz oxygen resonance[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,1990,29:620-632. [8] Evans K F,Walter S J,Heymsfield A J,et al.Modeling of sub-millimeter passive remote sensing of cirrus clouds[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,1998,37(2):184-205. [9] Evans K F,Evans A H,Marshall B T,et al.The prospect for remote sensing of cirrus clouds with a submillimeter-wave spectrometer[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,1999,38(5):514-525. [10] Gurka J J,Heil J N.The national weather service operational requirements for the evolution of future NOAA operational geostationary satellites[C]//Processing of the 16th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems(IIPS) for Meteorology,Oceanography, and Hydrology.Copenhagen,Denmark:IIPS,2000:69-76. [11] Boncyk W C,Wilson W J,Lambrigtsen B H.The enabling technologies of the geostationary synthetic aperture microwave sounder(GEO/SAMS)[C]//Proceedings of IEEE 2000 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.Honolulu,HI,USA:IEEE,2000:3169-3171. [12] Lambrigtsen B H.GEO/SAMS-the geostationary synthetic aperture microwave sounder[C]//Proceedings of IEEE 2000 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.Honolulu,HI,USA:IEEE,2000,7:2984-2987. [13] Lambrigtsen B,Gaier T,Kangaslahti P,et al.A geostationary microwave sounder for NASA and NOAA[C]//Proceedings of the 16th international TOVS study conference. Angra dos Reis,Brazil:International TOVS Working Group,2008. [14] Lambrigtsen B H,Brown S T,Dinardo S J,et al.Progress in developing GeoSTAR:A microwave sounder for GOES-R[C]//Proceedings of Earth Observing Systems X. San Diego,CA,USA:SPIE,2005,5882:58820L. [15] Lambrigtsen B H,Wilson W J,Tanner A B,et al.GeoSTAR:A microwave sounder for geostationary satellite[C]//Proceedings of 2004 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.Anchorage,AK,USA:IEEE,2004:777-780. [16] Tanner A B,Wilson W J,Lambrigsten B H,et al.Initial results of the geostationary synthetic thinned array radiometer(GeoSTAR) demonstrator instrument[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2007,45(7):1947-1957. [17] Bizzarri B.MW/Sub-mm sounding form geostationary orbit[R].Report to EUMETSAT Science W.G.,EUM/STG/SWG/9/00/DOC/11,2000:11. [18] Bizzarri B,Albin J G,David H S,et al.Requirements and perspectives for MW/Sub-mm sounding from geostationary satellite[C]//Proceedings of the 2002 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference.Dublin,Ireland,2002:97-105. [19] Christensen J,Carlstrom A,Ekstrom H,et al.GAS:The geostationary atmospheric sounder[C]//Proceedings of IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.Barcelona,Spain:IEEE,2007:223-226. [20] 中华人民共和国科学技术部.前沿技术[C]//中国科学技术发展报告2009.北京:科学技术文献出版社,2010:136. Ministry of Science and Technology of the PRC.Advanced technology[C]//2009 China Science and Technology Development Report.Beijing:Science and Technical Document Press,2010:136. [21] 吴 季,刘 浩,孙伟英,等,综合孔径微波辐射计的技术发展及其应用展望[J].遥感技术与应用,2005,20(1):24-29. Wu J,Liu H,Sun W Y,et al.Technical development and application prospect of synthetic aperture radiometer[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2005,20(1):24-29. [22] Liu H,Wu J,Zhang S W,et al.The geostationary interferometric microwave sounder(GIMS):Instrument overview and recent progress[C]//Proceedings of 2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.Vancouver,BC,Canada:IEEE,2011:3629-3632. [23] Xiao H,Yu S L,Yao C B,et al.Geostationary millimetre and submillimetre-wave sounder for “FengYun-4” meteorological satellite[C]//Proceedings of the 3rd China-Europe Workshop on Millimetre-Waves and Terahertz Technologies.2010. [24] Dietrich S,Paola F D,Bizzarri B.MTG:Resolution enhancement for MW measurements from geostationary orbits[J].Advances in Geosciences,2006,7:293-299. [25] 陈洪滨.利用高频微波被动遥感探测大气[J].遥感技术与应用,1999,14(2):49-54. Chen H B.Remote sensing of the atmosphere with the millimeter and sub-millimeter wave radiometry from the space[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application,1999,14(2):49-54. [26] 郭 杨,卢乃锰,谷松岩.毫米/亚毫米波探测大气温度和湿度的通道选择[J].应用气象学报,2010,21(6):716-723. Guo Y,Lu N M,Gu S Y.Channel selection of millimeter/submillimeter wave for temperature and humidity sounding[J].Journal of Applied Meteorological Science,2010,21(6):716-723. [27] Jiang H B,Su Y Y,Jiao Q S,et al.Typical geologic disaster surveying in Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake zone using high resolution ground LiDAR and UAV remote sensing[C]//Proceedings SPIE 9262,Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring XIV.Beijing,China:SPIE,2014:926219. [28] 欧空局土壤湿度与海水盐度卫星-SMOS介绍[EB/OL].http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/SMOS/Facts_and_figures. An introduction on ESA soil moisture and ocean salinity-SMOS[EB/OL].http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/SMOS/Facts_and_figures.
2017, Vol. 29 
